Release of version 4.16

Merge branch 'upcoming/v4.16'
Prevent user_id setter
2026-10-28 12:11:57 -07:00 · 2026-10-26 22:31:03 +01:00 · 2026-10-26 22:30:31 +01:00 · 2026-10-26 22:12:33 +01:00 · 2026-10-26 22:06:39 +01:00 · 2026-10-26 21:54:49 +01:00
38 changed files with 2893 additions and 1142 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: pip
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: monthly
+    cooldown:
+      default-days: 7
+
+  - package-ecosystem: github-actions
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: monthly
+    cooldown:
+      default-days: 7
@@ -2,17 +2,26 @@

 <!--
 Thanks for your willingness to contribute to Instaloader! Please briefly
-describe
+describe:

 - A motivation for this change, e.g.
  - Fixes # .
-  - More general: What problem does the pull request solve?
+  - What problem does the pull request solve?

 - The changes proposed in this pull request
+  - Keep the PR focused: avoid bundling independent fixes or refactorings.

 - The completeness of this change
-  - Is it just a proof of concept?
  - Is the documentation updated (if appropriate)?
-  - Do you consider it ready to be merged or is it a draft?
+  - How has it been tested?
+  - Do you consider it ready to be merged or is it a draft / proof of concept?
  - Can we help you at some point?
+
+- Further considerations
+  - Is it based on master (bugfix), upcoming/v4.X (new feature), or another pull request?
+  - Does it preserve backward compatibility and existing behavior?
+  - If generative AI was involved, ensure it follows our AI policy.
+
+(also see https://instaloader.github.io/contributing.html)
+
 -->
@@ -8,17 +8,18 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: "Checkout Instaloader Repository"
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0  # needed for building docs
+          persist-credentials: false
      - name: "Setup Python"
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v7
        with:
-          python-version: 3.12
+          python-version: 3.15
          cache: 'pipenv'
      - name: "Install Dependencies"
        run: |
-          python -m pip install pipenv==2024.2.0
+          python -m pip install pipenv==2026.10.3
          pipenv --python `python --version | grep -Eo '3\.[0-9]+'` sync --dev
      - name: "Build Documentation"
        run: pipenv --python `python --version | grep -Eo '3\.[0-9]+'` run make -C docs html SPHINXOPTS="-W -n"
@@ -9,20 +9,23 @@ jobs:
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
+        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14", "3.15"]
    steps:
      - name: Checkout Instaloader Repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
      - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v7
        with:
          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
          cache: 'pipenv'
      - name: Install Dependencies
        run: |
-          python -m pip install pipenv==2024.2.0
+          python -m pip install pipenv==2026.10.3
          pipenv --python `python --version | grep -Eo '3\.[0-9]+'` sync --dev
      - name: PyLint
+        if: matrix.python-version != '3.10'
        run: pipenv --python `python --version | grep -Eo '3\.[0-9]+'` run pylint instaloader
      - name: MyPy
        run: pipenv --python `python --version | grep -Eo '3\.[0-9]+'` run mypy -m instaloader
@@ -11,11 +11,13 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: "Checkout Repository"
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: "Setup Python"
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7
        with:
-          python-version: 3.12
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: "Setup Python"
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v7
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.15
      - name: "Get the tagged version"
        id: get_version
        env:
@@ -23,11 +25,11 @@ jobs:
        run: echo "VERSION=${GITHUB_REF/refs\/tags\/v/}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
        shell: bash
      - name: "Install Dependencies"
-        run: python -m pip install setuptools
+        run: python -m pip install -U setuptools wheel build
      - name: "Generate Python Package"
-        run: python setup.py sdist
+        run: python -m build
      - name: "Publish Distribution to PyPI"
-        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@master
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1
        with:
          password: ${{ secrets.PYPI_PASSWORD }}
      - name: "Publish Distribution to AUR"
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    
    steps:
-    - uses: actions/stale@v9
+    - uses: actions/stale@v11
      with:
        repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
        only-labels: 'question'
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
        days-before-stale: 21
        days-before-close: -1
        remove-stale-when-updated: false
-    - uses: actions/stale@v9
+    - uses: actions/stale@v11
      with:
        repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
        stale-issue-message: 'There has been no activity on this issue for an extended period of time. This issue will be closed after further 14 days of inactivity.'
@@ -8,11 +8,13 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: windows-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout Instaloader repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7
        with:
-          python-version: "3.12"
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Setup Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v7
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.15
          cache: 'pipenv'
          architecture: x64
      - name: Get the tagged version
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Create draft release and upload EXE as release asset
        if: github.event_name == 'push' && startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v')
        id: create_release
-        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v3
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
        with:
@@ -93,10 +93,6 @@ py-version=3.8
 # Discover python modules and packages in the file system subtree.
 recursive=no

-# When enabled, pylint would attempt to guess common misconfiguration and emit
-# user-friendly hints instead of false-positive error messages.
-suggestion-mode=yes
-
 # Allow loading of arbitrary C extensions. Extensions are imported into the
 # active Python interpreter and may run arbitrary code.
 unsafe-load-any-extension=no
@@ -433,6 +429,7 @@ disable=bad-inline-option,
        too-many-instance-attributes,
        too-many-lines,
        too-many-locals,
+        too-many-positional-arguments,
        too-many-public-methods,
        too-many-statements,
        unnecessary-lambda-assignment,
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 The MIT License (MIT)

-Copyright (c) 2016-2020 Alexander Graf and André Koch-Kramer.
+Copyright (c) 2016-2026 Alexander Graf, André Koch-Kramer and the Instaloader
+contributors.

 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ tomli = "*"           # Needed for Pylint for "python_version < '3.11'"
 dill = "*"            # Needed for Pylint for "python_version < '3.11'"
 pywin32-ctypes = "*"  # Needed for pyinstaller on Windows
 pefile = "*"          # Needed for pyinstaller on Windows
+pip-licenses = "*"

 [packages]
 requests = "*"
@@ -124,11 +124,30 @@ Supporters
 .. current-sponsors-start

 | Instaloader is proudly sponsored by
-|  `@rocketapi-io <https://github.com/rocketapi-io>`__
+
+.. list-table::
+  :align: center
+
+  * - |socialapis|
+  * - `SocialAPIs <https://socialapis.io/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=sponsor&utm_campaign=instaloader>`__
+
+|
+
+.. list-table::
+  :align: center
+
+  * - `@rocketapi-io <https://github.com/rocketapi-io>`__
+
+|

 See `Alex' GitHub Sponsors <https://github.com/sponsors/aandergr>`__ page for
 how you can sponsor the development of Instaloader!

+.. |socialapis| image:: ./.sponsor-logos/socialapis.png
+   :alt: SocialAPIs
+   :target: https://socialapis.io/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=sponsor&utm_campaign=instaloader
+   :height: 96px
+
 .. current-sponsors-end

 It is a pleasure for us to share our Instaloader to the world, and we are proud
@@ -5,9 +5,13 @@ pkgbase = instaloader
 	url = https://instaloader.github.io/
 	arch = any
 	license = MIT
+	makedepends = python-build
+	makedepends = python-installer
 	makedepends = python-setuptools
-	depends = python>=3.8
-	depends = python-requests>=2.4
+	makedepends = python-wheel
+	depends = python
+	depends = python-requests
+	optdepends = python-browser-cookie3: Import session cookies from browser
 	options = !emptydirs
 	source = instaloader-{{version}}.tar.gz::https://codeload.github.com/instaloader/instaloader/tar.gz/v{{version}}
 	sha512sums = {{hash}}
@@ -8,20 +8,30 @@ arch=('any')
 url="https://instaloader.github.io/"
 license=('MIT')
 groups=()
-depends=('python>=3.8' 'python-requests>=2.4')
-makedepends=('python-setuptools')
+depends=(
+  python
+  python-requests
+)
+makedepends=(
+  python-build
+  python-installer
+  python-setuptools
+  python-wheel
+)
+optdepends=(
+  'python-browser-cookie3: Import session cookies from browser'
+)
 options=('!emptydirs')
 source=($pkgname-$pkgver.tar.gz::https://codeload.github.com/instaloader/instaloader/tar.gz/v$pkgver)
 sha512sums=('{{hash}}')

 build() {
 	cd "$srcdir/$pkgname-$pkgver"
-	python setup.py clean --all
-	python setup.py build
+	python -m build --wheel --no-isolation
 }

 package() {
 	cd "$srcdir/$pkgname-$pkgver"
 	install -Dm644 LICENSE "$pkgdir"/usr/share/licenses/$pkgname/LICENSE
-	python setup.py install --root "$pkgdir/" --skip-build
+	python -m installer --destdir="$pkgdir" dist/*.whl
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,674 @@
+                    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                       Version 3, 29 June 2007
+
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+                            Preamble
+
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+software and other kinds of works.
+
+  The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
+to take away your freedom to share and change the works.  By contrast,
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+software for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
+GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
+any other work released this way by its authors.  You can apply it to
+your programs, too.
+
+  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
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+
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+source code form), and must require no special password or key for
+unpacking, reading or copying.
+
+  7. Additional Terms.
+
+  "Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the terms of this
+License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
+Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
+be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
+that they are valid under applicable law.  If additional permissions
+apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
+under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by
+this License without regard to the additional permissions.
+
+  When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
+remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of
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+that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
+
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+
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+
+  All other non-permissive additional terms are considered "further
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+the above requirements apply either way.
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+  8. Termination.
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+  You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
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+
+  9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
+
+  You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
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+
+  11. Patents.
+
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+
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+
+  Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
+any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
+otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
+
+  12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
+
+  If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
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+to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
+the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
+License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
+
+  13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
+
+  Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
+permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
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+combination as such.
+
+  14. Revised Versions of this License.
+
+  The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
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+be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
+address new problems or concerns.
+
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+Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
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+by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+  If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
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+later version.
+
+  15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
+
+  THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
+APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
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+
+  IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
+THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
+GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
+USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
+DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
+PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
+EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+  17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
+
+  If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
+above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
+reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
+an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
+Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
+copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+                     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+            How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+
+    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+    <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
+might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
+
+  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
+if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
+For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
+<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+  The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
+into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
+may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
+the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
+Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
+<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+instaloader.exe is a standalone executable built with PyInstaller. Besides Instaloader itself
+(see ../LICENSE.txt), it contains the following third-party software:
+
+- Python, its standard library and the libraries it is built with, see Python.txt and
+  Python-incorporated-software.txt.
+- The Python packages listed in third-party.txt, along with their license texts.
+
+browser-cookie3 is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3, whose text is
+included in third-party.txt. It refers to the GNU General Public License version 3, see GPL-3.0.txt.
+certifi is licensed under the Mozilla Public License 2.0, whose text is included in third-party.txt.
+Their source code, in the versions listed in third-party.txt, is available at
+https://pypi.org/project/browser-cookie3/#history and https://pypi.org/project/certifi/#history.
+
+You may build instaloader.exe with modified versions of these packages: the source code of
+Instaloader, including the script used to build instaloader.exe (deploy/windows/create_exe.py),
+is published along with each release at https://github.com/instaloader/instaloader/releases.
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 import hashlib
+import json
 import os
+import platform
 import re
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 import sys
+import urllib.request

 # copy the required files into repo root
 shutil.copy('docs/favicon.ico', '.')
@@ -43,10 +46,18 @@ with open('instaloader/__main__.py', 'r') as f:
 with open('__main__.py', 'w+') as f:
    f.writelines(lines)

-# install dependencies and invoke PyInstaller
-commands = ["pip install pipenv==2024.2.0",
+# packages bundled into the executable, whose licenses have to be shipped along with it
+with open('Pipfile.lock') as f:
+    locked_packages = json.load(f)['default']
+bundled_packages = ' '.join(list(locked_packages) + ['psutil', 'pyinstaller'])
+os.makedirs('dist/licenses', exist_ok=True)
+
+# install dependencies, invoke PyInstaller and collect licenses
+commands = ["pip install pipenv==2026.10.3",
            f"pipenv --python {sys.version_info.major}.{sys.version_info.minor} sync --dev",
-            "pipenv run pyinstaller --log-level=DEBUG instaloader.spec"]
+            "pipenv run pyinstaller --log-level=DEBUG instaloader.spec",
+            f"pipenv run pip-licenses --packages {bundled_packages} --with-license-file "
+            "--with-notice-file --no-license-path --format=plain-vertical --output-file dist/licenses/third-party.txt"]

 for command in commands:
    print()
@@ -67,5 +78,13 @@ with open('dist/instaloader.exe', 'rb') as f:
 with open('dist/instaloader.exe.md5', 'w+') as f:
    f.write('{} *instaloader.exe\n'.format(hash_md5.hexdigest()))

+# include the remaining license texts
+shutil.copy('LICENSE', 'dist/LICENSE.txt')
+shutil.copy('deploy/windows/NOTICE.txt', 'dist/licenses/NOTICE.txt')
+shutil.copy('deploy/windows/GPL-3.0.txt', 'dist/licenses/GPL-3.0.txt')
+shutil.copy(os.path.join(sys.base_prefix, 'LICENSE.txt'), 'dist/licenses/Python.txt')
+urllib.request.urlretrieve('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/python/cpython/v{}/Doc/license.rst'
+                           .format(platform.python_version()), 'dist/licenses/Python-incorporated-software.txt')
+
 # Create ZIP file
 shutil.make_archive('instaloader-{}-windows-standalone'.format(os.getenv('VERSION_TAG')), 'zip', 'dist')
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ a = Analysis(['__main__.py'],
             hiddenimports=[],
             hookspath=[],
             runtime_hooks=[],
-             excludes=[],
+             excludes=['setuptools', 'pkg_resources', '_distutils_hack', 'packaging'],
             win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
             win_private_assemblies=False,
             cipher=block_cipher)
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../.sponsor-logos
@@ -7,9 +7,10 @@ https://instaloader.github.io/

 ## Build

-The documentation is created with [Sphinx](http://www.sphinx-doc.org/). To build it, use
+The documentation is created with [Sphinx](http://www.sphinx-doc.org/). To build it, use (in the top-level directory
+of the Instaloader source tree):

 ```
-pip3 install -r requirements.txt
-make html
+pipenv sync --dev
+make -C docs html
 ```
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ Instaloader supports the following targets:
      to **download IGTV videos**.

 - ``"#hashtag"``
-   Posts with a certain **hashtag** (the quotes are usually necessary).
+   Posts with a certain **hashtag** (the quotes are usually necessary). Requires :ref:`login<login>`.

 - ``%location id``
   Posts tagged with a given location; the location ID is the numerical ID
@@ -208,22 +208,24 @@ Instead of :option:`--login`, it is possible to use

 .. option:: --load-cookies BROWSER-NAME, -b BROWSER-NAME

-   Use Instagram cookie in your browser to login.
-   This feature requires the browser_cookie3 library.
-   Compatible with :option:`--cookiefile` if you want to load cookies from browser profiles.
-   Incompatible with :option:`--login` due to potential username mismatch between user input and browser login.
-   Supported browsers: Brave, Chrome, Chromium, Edge, Firefox, LibreWolf, Opera, Opera_GX, Safari and Vivaldi.
+   Load Instagram session cookies from a browser instead of using Instaloader's own login mechanism.
+   This method requires the `browser_cookie3 <https://github.com/borisbabic/browser_cookie3>`__ library.
+   By default, cookies are loaded from the browser's main profile, but you can specify a custom cookie file using :option:`--cookiefile`.

-   In subsequent runs, you can just use :option:`--login` to reuse the
-   same session, which is saved by Instaloader.
+   Since :option:`--load-cookies` and :option:`--login` are alternative ways to acquire a session, they cannot be used together when initially acquiring a session.
+
+   Supported browsers: Arc, Brave, Chrome, Chromium, Edge, Firefox, LibreWolf, Opera, Opera_GX, Safari, and Vivaldi.
+
+   Once logged in via browser cookies, Instaloader saves the session, allowing you to use :option:`--login` in subsequent runs.

   .. versionadded:: 4.11

 .. option:: --cookiefile COOKIE-FILE, -B COOKIE-FILE

-   Cookie file path of a browser profile to load cookies from.
+   Specifies a cookie file path for :option:`--load-cookies` to load cookies from a particular browser profile.
+   This option must be used together with :option:`--load-cookies` and does not work on its own.

-  .. versionadded:: 4.11
+   .. versionadded:: 4.11

 .. option:: --sessionfile SESSIONFILE, -f SESSIONFILE

@@ -310,7 +312,7 @@ How to Download
 .. option:: --user-agent USER_AGENT

   User Agent to use for HTTP requests. Per default, Instaloader pretends being
-   Chrome/127 on Linux.
+   Chrome/142 on Linux.

 .. option:: --max-connection-attempts N

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import instaloader

 L = instaloader.Instaloader()

-posts = instaloader.Hashtag.from_name(L.context, 'urbanphotography').get_posts()
+posts = instaloader.Hashtag.from_name(L.context, 'urbanphotography').get_posts_resumable()

 users = set()

@@ -14,8 +14,13 @@ def get_cookiefile():
    default_cookiefile = {
        "Windows": "~/AppData/Roaming/Mozilla/Firefox/Profiles/*/cookies.sqlite",
        "Darwin": "~/Library/Application Support/Firefox/Profiles/*/cookies.sqlite",
-    }.get(system(), "~/.mozilla/firefox/*/cookies.sqlite")
-    cookiefiles = glob(expanduser(default_cookiefile))
+    }.get(system(), None)
+    if default_cookiefile:
+        cookiefiles = glob(expanduser(default_cookiefile))
+    else:
+        # Check Firefox 147+ XDG path, then legacy
+        cookiefiles = glob(expanduser("~/.config/mozilla/firefox/*/cookies.sqlite")) or \
+                      glob(expanduser("~/.mozilla/firefox/*/cookies.sqlite"))
    if not cookiefiles:
        raise SystemExit("No Firefox cookies.sqlite file found. Use -c COOKIEFILE.")
    return cookiefiles[0]
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import instaloader

 L = instaloader.Instaloader()

-posts = instaloader.Hashtag.from_name(L.context, "urbanphotography").get_posts()
+posts = instaloader.Hashtag.from_name(L.context, "urbanphotography").get_posts_resumable()

 SINCE = datetime(2020, 5, 10)  # further from today, inclusive
 UNTIL = datetime(2020, 5, 11)  # closer to today, not inclusive
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('..'))
 # https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/configuration.html#project-information

 project = 'Instaloader'
-copyright = '2023, Alexander Graf and Andre Koch-Kramer'
+copyright = '2016-2026, Alexander Graf, Andre Koch-Kramer and the Instaloader contributors'
 author = 'Alexander Graf and Andre Koch-Kramer'

 # -- General configuration ---------------------------------------------------
@@ -74,6 +74,14 @@ Improvements of the Instaloader source or its documentation can be proposed as a
    - a bug fix that does require thorough testing before being released to a
      final version.

+- Keep Pull Requests focused: address a single problem or feature in a
+  self-contained change. Avoid bundling multiple independent fixes, refactorings,
+  or architectural changes into one pull request, as this makes it hard to
+  review, validate, or selectively merge them.
+
+- Be mindful of backward compatibility: changes should preserve existing intended
+  behavior whenever feasible.
+
 - All Pull Requests are analyzed by `Pylint <https://www.pylint.org/>`__ for
  error and syntax checking of the source and
  `Mypy <https://github.com/python/mypy>`__ for type checking. You can run them
@@ -92,6 +100,19 @@ Improvements of the Instaloader source or its documentation can be proposed as a
  agrees that the change might be an improvement, or if you want to discuss
  your basic proposal, before working on a pull request.

+AI Policy
+---------
+
+- If generative AI was used to create notable portions of a contribution, the
+  author must disclose which parts were AI-assisted (e.g. research, testing,
+  coding, or documentation).
+
+- The author must carefully review and understand the contribution before
+  submitting it.
+
+- If the maintainers need more effort to review the contribution than it took
+  to create it, please do not submit it.
+
 Proposing Features
 ------------------

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-requests
-sphinx~=2.3
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 """Download pictures (or videos) along with their captions and other metadata from Instagram."""


-__version__ = '4.14rc3'
+__version__ = '4.16'


 try:
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from .instaloader import (get_default_session_filename, get_default_stamps_filen
 from .instaloadercontext import default_user_agent
 from .lateststamps import LatestStamps
 try:
-    import browser_cookie3
+    import browser_cookie3  # type: ignore[import-untyped]
    bc3_library = True
 except ImportError:
    bc3_library = False
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def filterstr_to_filterfunc(filter_str: str, item_type: type):
    return filterfunc


-def get_cookies_from_instagram(domain, browser, cookie_file='', cookie_name=''):
+def get_cookies_from_instagram(domain: str, browser: str, cookie_file: Optional[str] = None):
    supported_browsers = {
        "brave": browser_cookie3.brave,
        "chrome": browser_cookie3.chrome,
@@ -112,15 +112,12 @@ def get_cookies_from_instagram(domain, browser, cookie_file='', cookie_name=''):
        print(f"Cookies loaded successfully from {browser}")
    else:
        raise LoginException(f"No cookies found for Instagram in {browser}, "
-                             f"Are you logged in succesfully in {browser}?")
+                             f"Are you logged in successfully in {browser}?")

-    if cookie_name:
-        return cookies.get(cookie_name, {})
-    else:
-        return cookies
+    return cookies


-def import_session(browser, instaloader, cookiefile):
+def import_session(browser: str, instaloader: Instaloader, cookiefile: Optional[str]):
    cookie = get_cookies_from_instagram('instagram', browser, cookiefile)
    if cookie is not None:
        instaloader.context.update_cookies(cookie)
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from functools import wraps
 from io import BytesIO
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Callable, IO, Iterator, List, Optional, Set, Union, cast
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, IO, Iterator, List, Optional, Set, Union, cast
 from urllib.parse import urlparse

 import requests
@@ -83,33 +83,38 @@ def _requires_login(func: Callable) -> Callable:


 def _retry_on_connection_error(func: Callable) -> Callable:
-    """Decorator to retry the function max_connection_attemps number of times.
-
-    Herewith-decorated functions need an ``_attempt`` keyword argument.
+    """Decorator to retry the function max_connection_attempts number of times.

    This is to decorate functions that do network requests that may fail. Note that
    :meth:`.get_json`, :meth:`.get_iphone_json`, :meth:`.graphql_query` and :meth:`.graphql_node_list` already have
    their own logic for retrying, hence functions that only use these for network access must not be decorated with this
-    decorator."""
+    decorator.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 4.16
+       Decorated functions no longer need to accept an ``_attempt`` keyword argument.
+    """
    @wraps(func)
-    def call(instaloader, *args, **kwargs):
-        try:
-            return func(instaloader, *args, **kwargs)
-        except (urllib3.exceptions.HTTPError, requests.exceptions.RequestException, ConnectionException) as err:
-            error_string = "{}({}): {}".format(func.__name__, ', '.join([repr(arg) for arg in args]), err)
-            if (kwargs.get('_attempt') or 1) == instaloader.context.max_connection_attempts:
-                raise ConnectionException(error_string) from None
-            instaloader.context.error(error_string + " [retrying; skip with ^C]", repeat_at_end=False)
+    def call(instaloader, *args, **kwargs) -> Any:
+        # The failure we are currently retrying, if any. It tells us whether a ^C means "skip this
+        # download" rather than "abort everything", and whether to sleep before the next attempt.
+        pending_error_string: Optional[str] = None
+        for attempt in range(1, instaloader.context.max_connection_attempts + 1):
            try:
-                if kwargs.get('_attempt'):
-                    kwargs['_attempt'] += 1
-                else:
-                    kwargs['_attempt'] = 2
-                instaloader.context.do_sleep()
-                return call(instaloader, *args, **kwargs)
+                if pending_error_string is not None:
+                    instaloader.context.do_sleep()
+                return func(instaloader, *args, **kwargs)
+            except (urllib3.exceptions.HTTPError, requests.exceptions.RequestException, ConnectionException) as err:
+                error_string = "{}({}): {}".format(func.__name__, ', '.join([repr(arg) for arg in args]), err)
+                if attempt == instaloader.context.max_connection_attempts:
+                    raise ConnectionException(error_string) from None
+                instaloader.context.error(error_string + " [retrying; skip with ^C]", repeat_at_end=False)
+                pending_error_string = error_string
            except KeyboardInterrupt:
+                if pending_error_string is None:
+                    raise
                instaloader.context.error("[skipped by user]", repeat_at_end=False)
-                raise ConnectionException(error_string) from None
+                raise ConnectionException(pending_error_string) from None
+        raise AssertionError("_retry_on_connection_error() retry loop exited without result")
    return call


@@ -330,9 +335,12 @@ class Instaloader:
    def __exit__(self, *args):
        self.close()

+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<Instaloader context={self.context}>"
+
    @_retry_on_connection_error
    def download_pic(self, filename: str, url: str, mtime: datetime,
-                     filename_suffix: Optional[str] = None, _attempt: int = 1) -> bool:
+                     filename_suffix: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
        """Downloads and saves picture with given url under given directory with given timestamp.
        Returns true, if file was actually downloaded, i.e. updated."""
        if filename_suffix is not None:
@@ -516,8 +524,9 @@ class Instaloader:
                                '{0}_{1}_{2}.{3}'.format(target, identifier, name_suffix, extension))

    @_retry_on_connection_error
-    def download_title_pic(self, url: str, target: Union[str, Path], name_suffix: str, owner_profile: Optional[Profile],
-                           _attempt: int = 1) -> None:
+    def download_title_pic(
+            self, url: str, target: Union[str, Path], name_suffix: str, owner_profile: Optional[Profile]
+    ) -> None:
        """Downloads and saves a picture that does not have an association with a Post or StoryItem, such as a
        Profile picture or a Highlight cover picture. Modification time is taken from the HTTP response headers.

@@ -737,19 +746,20 @@ class Instaloader:
                        suffix: Optional[str] = str(edge_number)
                        if '{filename}' in self.filename_pattern:
                            suffix = None
-                        if self.download_pictures and (not sidecar_node.is_video or self.download_video_thumbnails):
+                        video_url = sidecar_node.video_url
+                        if self.download_pictures and (video_url is None or self.download_video_thumbnails):
                            # pylint:disable=cell-var-from-loop
                            sidecar_filename = self.__prepare_filename(filename_template,
                                                                       lambda: sidecar_node.display_url)
                            # Download sidecar picture or video thumbnail (--no-pictures implies --no-video-thumbnails)
                            downloaded &= self.download_pic(filename=sidecar_filename, url=sidecar_node.display_url,
                                                            mtime=post.date_local, filename_suffix=suffix)
-                        if sidecar_node.is_video and self.download_videos:
+                        if video_url is not None and self.download_videos:
                            # pylint:disable=cell-var-from-loop
                            sidecar_filename = self.__prepare_filename(filename_template,
-                                                                       lambda: sidecar_node.video_url)
+                                                                       lambda: video_url)
                            # Download sidecar video if desired
-                            downloaded &= self.download_pic(filename=sidecar_filename, url=sidecar_node.video_url,
+                            downloaded &= self.download_pic(filename=sidecar_filename, url=video_url,
                                                            mtime=post.date_local, filename_suffix=suffix)
                else:
                    downloaded = False
@@ -959,6 +969,11 @@ class Instaloader:
        .. versionchanged:: 4.3
           Also downloads and saves the Highlight's cover pictures.

+        .. versionchanged:: 4.16
+           Add progress output for highlight retrieval, displaying a counter of the current
+           highlight number and the total number of highlights being processed. This provides
+           feedback similar to the per-item download counter already present in this function.
+
        :param user: ID or Profile of the user whose highlights should get downloaded.
        :param fast_update: If true, abort when first already-downloaded picture is encountered
        :param filename_target: Replacement for {target} in dirname_pattern and filename_pattern
@@ -966,14 +981,20 @@ class Instaloader:
        :param storyitem_filter: function(storyitem), which returns True if given StoryItem should be downloaded
        :raises LoginRequiredException: If called without being logged in.
        """
-        for user_highlight in self.get_highlights(user):
+        user_highlights = list(self.get_highlights(user))
+        hl_size = len(user_highlights)
+        for hl_number, user_highlight in enumerate(user_highlights, start=1):
            name = user_highlight.owner_username
            highlight_target: Union[str, Path] = (filename_target
                                if filename_target
                                else (Path(_PostPathFormatter.sanitize_path(name, self.sanitize_paths)) /
                                      _PostPathFormatter.sanitize_path(user_highlight.title,
                                                                       self.sanitize_paths)))
-            self.context.log("Retrieving highlights \"{}\" from profile {}".format(user_highlight.title, name))
+            self.context.log(
+                "[{0:{w}d}/{1:{w}d}] Retrieving highlights \"{2}\" from profile {3}".format(
+                    hl_number, hl_size, user_highlight.title, name, w=len(str(hl_size))
+                )
+            )
            self.download_highlight_cover(user_highlight, highlight_target)
            totalcount = user_highlight.itemcount
            count = 1
@@ -1091,22 +1112,16 @@ class Instaloader:
        :raises LoginRequiredException: If called without being logged in.
        """

-        data = self.context.graphql_query("d6f4427fbe92d846298cf93df0b937d3", {})["data"]
-
+        params: Dict[str, Any] = {}
        while True:
-            feed = data["user"]["edge_web_feed_timeline"]
-            for edge in feed["edges"]:
-                node = edge["node"]
-                if node.get("__typename") in Post.supported_graphql_types() and node.get("shortcode") is not None:
-                    yield Post(self.context, node)
-            if not feed["page_info"]["has_next_page"]:
+            data = self.context.get_json("api/v1/feed/timeline/", params=params)
+            for item in data.get("feed_items", []):
+                media = item.get("media_or_ad")
+                if media and media.get("code") and media.get("ad_id") is None:
+                    yield Post.from_iphone_struct(self.context, media)
+            if not (data.get("more_available") and data.get("next_max_id")):
                break
-            data = self.context.graphql_query("d6f4427fbe92d846298cf93df0b937d3",
-                                              {'fetch_media_item_count': 12,
-                                               'fetch_media_item_cursor': feed["page_info"]["end_cursor"],
-                                               'fetch_comment_count': 4,
-                                               'fetch_like': 10,
-                                               'has_stories': False})["data"]
+            params = {"max_id": data["next_max_id"]}

    @_requires_login
    def download_feed_posts(self, max_count: Optional[int] = None, fast_update: bool = False,
@@ -1215,6 +1230,7 @@ class Instaloader:
           Use :meth:`Hashtag.get_posts_resumable`."""
        return Hashtag.from_name(self.context, hashtag).get_posts_resumable()

+    @_requires_login
    def download_hashtag(self, hashtag: Union[Hashtag, str],
                         max_count: Optional[int] = None,
                         post_filter: Optional[Callable[[Post], bool]] = None,
@@ -1302,6 +1318,7 @@ class Instaloader:
            post_filter,
            owner_profile=profile,
            takewhile=posts_takewhile,
+            possibly_pinned=3,
        )
        if latest_stamps is not None and reels.first_item is not None:
            latest_stamps.set_last_reels_timestamp(profile.username, reels.first_item.date_local)
@@ -2,12 +2,14 @@ import json
 import os
 import pickle
 import random
+import re
 import shutil
 import sys
 import textwrap
 import time
 import urllib.parse
 import uuid
+from base64 import b64encode
 from contextlib import contextmanager, suppress
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 from functools import partial
@@ -30,17 +32,30 @@ def copy_session(session: requests.Session, request_timeout: Optional[float] = N
    return new


+def _embedded_query_data(obj: Any) -> Iterator[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Yield the data of each GraphQL query result in JSON that a page of www.instagram.com embeds."""
+    if isinstance(obj, dict):
+        result = obj['__bbox'].get('result') if isinstance(obj.get('__bbox'), dict) else None
+        if isinstance(result, dict) and isinstance(result.get('data'), dict):
+            yield result['data']
+        for value in obj.values():
+            yield from _embedded_query_data(value)
+    elif isinstance(obj, list):
+        for value in obj:
+            yield from _embedded_query_data(value)
+
+
 def default_user_agent() -> str:
    return ('Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 '
-            '(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/127.0.0.0 Safari/537.36')
+            '(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/142.0.0.0 Safari/537.36')


 def default_iphone_headers() -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    return {'User-Agent': 'Instagram 273.0.0.16.70 (iPad13,8; iOS 16_3; en_US; en-US; ' \
-                          'scale=2.00; 2048x2732; 452417278) AppleWebKit/420+',
+    return {'User-Agent': 'Instagram 361.0.0.35.82 (iPad13,8; iOS 18_0; en_US; en-US; ' \
+                          'scale=2.00; 2048x2732; 674117118) AppleWebKit/420+',
            'x-ads-opt-out': '1',
            'x-bloks-is-panorama-enabled': 'true',
-            'x-bloks-version-id': '01507c21540f73e2216b6f62a11a5b5e51aa85491b72475c080da35b1228ddd6',
+            'x-bloks-version-id': '16b7bd25c6c06886d57c4d455265669345a2d96625385b8ee30026ac2dc5ed97',
            'x-fb-client-ip': 'True',
            'x-fb-connection-type': 'wifi',
            'x-fb-http-engine': 'Liger',
@@ -87,8 +102,7 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
        self.user_agent = user_agent if user_agent is not None else default_user_agent()
        self.request_timeout = request_timeout
        self._session = self.get_anonymous_session()
-        self.username = None
-        self.user_id = None
+        self.username: Optional[str] = None
        self.sleep = sleep
        self.quiet = quiet
        self.max_connection_attempts = max_connection_attempts
@@ -102,7 +116,7 @@ class InstaloaderContext:

        self._rate_controller = rate_controller(self) if rate_controller is not None else RateController(self)

-        # Can be set to True for testing, disables supression of InstaloaderContext._error_catcher
+        # Can be set to True for testing, disables suppression of InstaloaderContext._error_catcher
        self.raise_all_errors = False

        # HTTP status codes that should cause an AbortDownloadException
@@ -111,15 +125,16 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
        # Cache profile from id (mapping from id to Profile)
        self.profile_id_cache: Dict[int, Any] = dict()

+        # Tokens of the logged-in web page for api/graphql queries, by sessionid cookie
+        self._web_api_tokens_cache: Dict[str, Dict[str, str]] = dict()
+
    @contextmanager
    def anonymous_copy(self):
        session = self._session
        username = self.username
-        user_id = self.user_id
        iphone_headers = self.iphone_headers
        self._session = self.get_anonymous_session()
        self.username = None
-        self.user_id = None
        self.iphone_headers = default_iphone_headers()
        try:
            yield self
@@ -127,9 +142,22 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
            self._session.close()
            self.username = username
            self._session = session
-            self.user_id = user_id
            self.iphone_headers = iphone_headers

+    @property
+    def user_id(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """ID of the user this session is logged in as.
+
+        Derived from the ``ds_user_id`` cookie of the current session, so it is set for every
+        logged-in session, and ``None`` if not logged in."""
+        return self._session.cookies.get_dict().get('ds_user_id') or None
+
+    @user_id.setter
+    def user_id(self, user_id: Optional[str]) -> None:
+        # The setter is only provided for backwards-compatibility with pre-4.16.
+        if user_id != self.user_id:
+            raise AttributeError("user_id cannot be set to a different value.")
+
    @property
    def is_logged_in(self) -> bool:
        """True, if this Instaloader instance is logged in."""
@@ -149,6 +177,9 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
        if repeat_at_end:
            self.error_log.append(msg)

+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<InstaloaderContext is_logged_in={self.is_logged_in}>"
+
    @property
    def has_stored_errors(self) -> bool:
        """Returns whether any error has been reported and stored to be repeated at program termination.
@@ -191,7 +222,8 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
                  'Referer': 'https://www.instagram.com/',
                  'User-Agent': self.user_agent,
                  'X-Instagram-AJAX': '1',
-                  'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'}
+                  'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
+                  'x-ig-app-id': '936619743392459'}
        if empty_session_only:
            del header['Host']
            del header['Origin']
@@ -333,7 +365,6 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
        session.headers.update({'X-CSRFToken': login.cookies['csrftoken']})
        self._session = session
        self.username = user
-        self.user_id = resp_json['userId']

    def two_factor_login(self, two_factor_code):
        """Second step of login if 2FA is enabled.
@@ -383,8 +414,102 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
            f" when accessing {resp.url}"
        )

+    @staticmethod
+    def _rate_limit_key(path: str, params: Dict[str, Any], host: str) -> str:
+        """Determine the :class:`RateController` bucket that a request is accounted to."""
+        if 'graphql/query' in path or path == 'api/graphql':
+            if 'query_hash' in params:
+                return params['query_hash']
+            if 'doc_id' in params:
+                return params['doc_id']
+        if host == 'i.instagram.com':
+            return 'iphone'
+        return 'other'
+
+    def _raise_if_fatal_status(self, resp: requests.Response, host: str, path: str) -> None:
+        if resp.status_code not in self.fatal_status_codes:
+            return
+        redirect = " redirect to {}".format(resp.headers['location']) if 'location' in resp.headers else ""
+        body = ""
+        if resp.headers.get('Content-Type', '').startswith('application/json'):
+            body = ': ' + resp.text[:500] + ('…' if len(resp.text) > 501 else '')
+        raise AbortDownloadException("Query to https://{}/{} responded with \"{} {}\"{}{}".format(
+            host, path, resp.status_code, resp.reason, redirect, body
+        ))
+
+    def _raise_if_login_redirect(self, resp: requests.Response) -> None:
+        """Turn a redirect to the login page into a meaningful exception.
+
+        Instagram answers requests it will not serve anonymously with a redirect to the login page
+        rather than with an error status, so this needs to be checked wherever we do not follow
+        redirects automatically.
+        """
+        if not resp.is_redirect:
+            return
+        redirect_url = resp.headers.get('location', '')
+        if not (redirect_url.startswith('https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login') or
+                redirect_url.startswith('https://i.instagram.com/accounts/login')):
+            return
+        if not self.is_logged_in:
+            raise LoginRequiredException("Redirected to login page. Use --login or --load-cookies.")
+        raise AbortDownloadException("Redirected to login page. You've been logged out, please wait " +
+                                     "some time, recreate the session and try again")
+
+    def _follow_redirects(self, sess: requests.Session, resp: requests.Response,
+                          host: str, path: str, params: Dict[str, Any], use_post: bool) -> requests.Response:
+        """Follow redirects that stay on *host*, and reject those to the login page."""
+        # Redirects are followed with GET. For a POST request, `params` is the request body and must not be
+        # turned into query arguments.
+        redirect_params = None if use_post else params
+        while resp.is_redirect:
+            redirect_url = resp.headers['location']
+            self.log('\nHTTP redirect from https://{0}/{1} to {2}'.format(host, path, redirect_url))
+            self._raise_if_login_redirect(resp)
+            if not redirect_url.startswith('https://{}/'.format(host)):
+                break
+            resp = sess.get(redirect_url if redirect_url.endswith('/') else redirect_url + '/',
+                            params=redirect_params, allow_redirects=False)
+        return resp
+
+    def _raise_for_status(self, resp: requests.Response) -> None:
+        """Translate an unsuccessful HTTP status code into the corresponding exception."""
+        if resp.status_code == 400:
+            with suppress(json.decoder.JSONDecodeError):
+                if resp.json().get("message") in [
+                    "feedback_required",
+                    "checkpoint_required",
+                    "challenge_required",
+                ]:
+                    # Raise AbortDownloadException in case of substantial Instagram
+                    # requirements to stop producing more requests
+                    raise AbortDownloadException(self._response_error(resp))
+            raise QueryReturnedBadRequestException(self._response_error(resp))
+        if resp.status_code == 404:
+            raise QueryReturnedNotFoundException(self._response_error(resp))
+        if resp.status_code == 429:
+            raise TooManyRequestsException(self._response_error(resp))
+        if resp.status_code != 200:
+            raise ConnectionException(self._response_error(resp))
+
+    def _raise_for_download_status(self, resp: requests.Response) -> None:
+        """Translate an unsuccessful status code of an anonymous download request into an exception.
+
+        This is deliberately a different policy from :meth:`_raise_for_status`, which applies to the
+        JSON API: a download may be answered with 403 for an invalid URL signature, and is never
+        answered with the 400 or 429 that the API uses.
+        """
+        if resp.status_code == 200:
+            return
+        if resp.status_code == 403:
+            # suspected invalid URL signature
+            raise QueryReturnedForbiddenException(self._response_error(resp))
+        if resp.status_code == 404:
+            # 404 not worth retrying.
+            raise QueryReturnedNotFoundException(self._response_error(resp))
+        raise ConnectionException(self._response_error(resp))
+
    def get_json(self, path: str, params: Dict[str, Any], host: str = 'www.instagram.com',
-                 session: Optional[requests.Session] = None, _attempt=1,
+                 session: Optional[requests.Session] = None,
                 response_headers: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
                 use_post: bool = False) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """JSON request to Instagram.
@@ -395,93 +520,121 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
        :param session: Session to use, or None to use self.session
        :param use_post: Use POST instead of GET to make the request
        :return: Decoded response dictionary
-        :raises QueryReturnedBadRequestException: When the server responds with a 400.
+        :raises AbortDownloadException: When the server responds with
+            'feedback_required'/'checkpoint_required'/'challenge_required'
+        :raises QueryReturnedBadRequestException: When the server responds with a 400 (and not
+            'feedback_required'/'checkpoint_required'/'challenge_required').
        :raises QueryReturnedNotFoundException: When the server responds with a 404.
        :raises ConnectionException: When query repeatedly failed.

        .. versionchanged:: 4.13
           Added `use_post` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.16
+           Removed the internal `_attempt` parameter; retries are no longer implemented by recursion.
        """
-        is_graphql_query = 'query_hash' in params and 'graphql/query' in path
-        is_doc_id_query = 'doc_id' in params and 'graphql/query' in path
-        is_iphone_query = host == 'i.instagram.com'
-        is_other_query = not is_graphql_query and not is_doc_id_query and host == "www.instagram.com"
-        sess = session if session else self._session
-        try:
-            self.do_sleep()
-            if is_graphql_query:
-                self._rate_controller.wait_before_query(params['query_hash'])
-            if is_doc_id_query:
-                self._rate_controller.wait_before_query(params['doc_id'])
-            if is_iphone_query:
-                self._rate_controller.wait_before_query('iphone')
-            if is_other_query:
-                self._rate_controller.wait_before_query('other')
-            if use_post:
-                resp = sess.post('https://{0}/{1}'.format(host, path), data=params, allow_redirects=False)
-            else:
-                resp = sess.get('https://{0}/{1}'.format(host, path), params=params, allow_redirects=False)
-            if resp.status_code in self.fatal_status_codes:
-                redirect = " redirect to {}".format(resp.headers['location']) if 'location' in resp.headers else ""
-                body = ""
-                if resp.headers['Content-Type'].startswith('application/json'):
-                    body = ': ' + resp.text[:500] + ('…' if len(resp.text) > 501 else '')
-                raise AbortDownloadException("Query to https://{}/{} responded with \"{} {}\"{}{}".format(
-                    host, path, resp.status_code, resp.reason, redirect, body
-                ))
-            while resp.is_redirect:
-                redirect_url = resp.headers['location']
-                self.log('\nHTTP redirect from https://{0}/{1} to {2}'.format(host, path, redirect_url))
-                if (redirect_url.startswith('https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login') or
-                    redirect_url.startswith('https://i.instagram.com/accounts/login')):
-                    if not self.is_logged_in:
-                        raise LoginRequiredException("Redirected to login page. Use --login or --load-cookies.")
-                    raise AbortDownloadException("Redirected to login page. You've been logged out, please wait " +
-                                                 "some time, recreate the session and try again")
-                if redirect_url.startswith('https://{}/'.format(host)):
-                    resp = sess.get(redirect_url if redirect_url.endswith('/') else redirect_url + '/',
-                                    params=params, allow_redirects=False)
-                else:
-                    break
-            if response_headers is not None:
-                response_headers.clear()
-                response_headers.update(resp.headers)
-            if resp.status_code == 400:
-                raise QueryReturnedBadRequestException(self._response_error(resp))
-            if resp.status_code == 404:
-                raise QueryReturnedNotFoundException(self._response_error(resp))
-            if resp.status_code == 429:
-                raise TooManyRequestsException(self._response_error(resp))
-            if resp.status_code != 200:
-                raise ConnectionException(self._response_error(resp))
-            else:
-                resp_json = resp.json()
-            if 'status' in resp_json and resp_json['status'] != "ok":
-                raise ConnectionException(self._response_error(resp))
-            return resp_json
-        except (ConnectionException, json.decoder.JSONDecodeError, requests.exceptions.RequestException) as err:
-            error_string = "JSON Query to {}: {}".format(path, err)
-            if _attempt == self.max_connection_attempts:
-                if isinstance(err, QueryReturnedNotFoundException):
-                    raise QueryReturnedNotFoundException(error_string) from err
-                else:
-                    raise ConnectionException(error_string) from err
-            self.error(error_string + " [retrying; skip with ^C]", repeat_at_end=False)
+        sess = session or self._session
+        rate_limit_key = self._rate_limit_key(path, params, host)
+        url = 'https://{0}/{1}'.format(host, path)
+
+        # The failure we are currently retrying, if any. It drives the 429 backoff performed before the
+        # next attempt, and tells us whether a ^C means "skip this query" rather than "abort everything".
+        pending_error: Optional[BaseException] = None
+        pending_error_string = ""
+
+        for attempt in range(1, self.max_connection_attempts + 1):
            try:
-                if isinstance(err, TooManyRequestsException):
-                    if is_graphql_query:
-                        self._rate_controller.handle_429(params['query_hash'])
-                    if is_doc_id_query:
-                        self._rate_controller.handle_429(params['doc_id'])
-                    if is_iphone_query:
-                        self._rate_controller.handle_429('iphone')
-                    if is_other_query:
-                        self._rate_controller.handle_429('other')
-                return self.get_json(path=path, params=params, host=host, session=sess, _attempt=_attempt + 1,
-                                     response_headers=response_headers)
+                if isinstance(pending_error, TooManyRequestsException):
+                    self._rate_controller.handle_429(rate_limit_key)
+                self.do_sleep()
+                self._rate_controller.wait_before_query(rate_limit_key)
+
+                if use_post:
+                    resp = sess.post(url, data=params, allow_redirects=False)
+                else:
+                    resp = sess.get(url, params=params, allow_redirects=False)
+
+                self._raise_if_fatal_status(resp, host, path)
+                resp = self._follow_redirects(sess, resp, host, path, params, use_post)
+
+                if response_headers is not None:
+                    response_headers.clear()
+                    response_headers.update(resp.headers)
+
+                self._raise_for_status(resp)
+                resp_json = resp.json()
+                if 'status' in resp_json and resp_json['status'] != "ok":
+                    raise ConnectionException(self._response_error(resp))
+                return resp_json
+            except (ConnectionException, json.decoder.JSONDecodeError, requests.exceptions.RequestException) as err:
+                error_string = "JSON Query to {}: {}".format(path, err)
+                if attempt == self.max_connection_attempts:
+                    if isinstance(err, QueryReturnedNotFoundException):
+                        raise QueryReturnedNotFoundException(error_string) from err
+                    raise ConnectionException(error_string) from err
+                self.error(error_string + " [retrying; skip with ^C]", repeat_at_end=False)
+                pending_error, pending_error_string = err, error_string
            except KeyboardInterrupt:
+                if pending_error is None:
+                    raise
                self.error("[skipped by user]", repeat_at_end=False)
-                raise ConnectionException(error_string) from err
+                raise ConnectionException(pending_error_string) from pending_error
+
+        raise AssertionError("get_json() retry loop exited without result")
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def _graphql_session(self, referer: Optional[str], csrf: Optional[str] = None,
+                         lsd: Optional[str] = None) -> Iterator[requests.Session]:
+        """Short-lived session carrying the headers that the GraphQL endpoint expects.
+
+        Pass the page's `lsd` token for the web app's ``api/graphql`` endpoint."""
+        with copy_session(self._session, self.request_timeout) as tmpsession:
+            tmpsession.headers.update(self._default_http_header(empty_session_only=True))
+            del tmpsession.headers['Connection']
+            del tmpsession.headers['Content-Length']
+            tmpsession.headers['authority'] = 'www.instagram.com'
+            tmpsession.headers['scheme'] = 'https'
+            tmpsession.headers['accept'] = '*/*'
+            if csrf is not None:
+                tmpsession.headers['x-csrftoken'] = csrf
+            if referer is not None:
+                tmpsession.headers['referer'] = urllib.parse.quote(referer)
+            if lsd is not None:
+                tmpsession.headers.update({'x-fb-lsd': lsd, 'sec-fetch-dest': 'empty', 'sec-fetch-mode': 'cors',
+                                           'sec-fetch-site': 'same-origin'})
+            yield tmpsession
+
+    def _csrf_token(self) -> str:
+        """The csrftoken cookie value, requesting the start page once if we do not have one yet."""
+        def token_from_cookies() -> Optional[str]:
+            return next((c.value for c in self._session.cookies if c.name == 'csrftoken' and c.value), None)
+        csrf = token_from_cookies()
+        if csrf:
+            return csrf
+        self._session.get('https://www.instagram.com/', timeout=self.request_timeout)
+        return token_from_cookies() or ''
+
+    def _web_api_tokens(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        """The tokens that the web app sends along with its api/graphql queries, from the start page."""
+        sessionid = self._session.cookies.get_dict().get("sessionid", "")
+        if sessionid not in self._web_api_tokens_cache:
+            html = self._get_page(self._session, "")
+            tokens = {}
+            for name, pattern in [
+                ("fb_dtsg", r'"DTSGInitialData",\[\],\{[^{}]*"token":"([^"]+)"'),
+                ("lsd", r'"LSD",\[\],\{[^{}]*"token":"([^"]+)"'),
+                ("av", r'"IG_USER_EIMU":"?(\d+)'),
+            ]:
+                match = re.search(pattern, html)
+                if match is not None:
+                    tokens[name] = match.group(1)
+                # Logged out, the start page has no fb_dtsg, and the web app sends its queries without.
+                elif name != "fb_dtsg" or self.is_logged_in:
+                    raise BadResponseException(
+                        "The start page did not contain the token {}.".format(name)
+                    )
+            self._web_api_tokens_cache[sessionid] = tokens
+        return self._web_api_tokens_cache[sessionid]

    def graphql_query(self, query_hash: str, variables: Dict[str, Any],
                      referer: Optional[str] = None) -> Dict[str, Any]:
@@ -496,18 +649,8 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
        .. versionchanged:: 4.13.1
           Removed the `rhx_gis` parameter.
        """
-        with copy_session(self._session, self.request_timeout) as tmpsession:
-            tmpsession.headers.update(self._default_http_header(empty_session_only=True))
-            del tmpsession.headers['Connection']
-            del tmpsession.headers['Content-Length']
-            tmpsession.headers['authority'] = 'www.instagram.com'
-            tmpsession.headers['scheme'] = 'https'
-            tmpsession.headers['accept'] = '*/*'
-            if referer is not None:
-                tmpsession.headers['referer'] = urllib.parse.quote(referer)
-
-            variables_json = json.dumps(variables, separators=(',', ':'))
-
+        variables_json = json.dumps(variables, separators=(',', ':'))
+        with self._graphql_session(referer) as tmpsession:
            resp_json = self.get_json('graphql/query',
                                      params={'query_hash': query_hash,
                                              'variables': variables_json},
@@ -517,7 +660,7 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
        return resp_json

    def doc_id_graphql_query(self, doc_id: str, variables: Dict[str, Any],
-                             referer: Optional[str] = None) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+                             referer: Optional[str] = None, web_api: bool = False) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """
        Do a doc_id-based GraphQL Query using method POST.

@@ -526,27 +669,23 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
        :param doc_id: doc_id for the query.
        :param variables: Variables for the Query.
        :param referer: HTTP Referer, or None.
+        :param web_api: Query the web app's ``api/graphql`` endpoint, as the web app does, rather than
+           ``graphql/query``.
        :return: The server's response dictionary.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.16
+           Added `web_api` parameter.
        """
-        with copy_session(self._session, self.request_timeout) as tmpsession:
-            tmpsession.headers.update(self._default_http_header(empty_session_only=True))
-            del tmpsession.headers['Connection']
-            del tmpsession.headers['Content-Length']
-            tmpsession.headers['authority'] = 'www.instagram.com'
-            tmpsession.headers['scheme'] = 'https'
-            tmpsession.headers['accept'] = '*/*'
-            if referer is not None:
-                tmpsession.headers['referer'] = urllib.parse.quote(referer)
-
-            variables_json = json.dumps(variables, separators=(',', ':'))
-
-            resp_json = self.get_json('graphql/query',
-                                      params={'variables': variables_json,
-                                              'doc_id': doc_id,
-                                              'server_timestamps': 'true'},
-                                      session=tmpsession,
-                                      use_post=True)
-        if 'status' not in resp_json:
+        variables_json = json.dumps(variables, separators=(',', ':'))
+        params = {'variables': variables_json,
+                  'doc_id': doc_id,
+                  'server_timestamps': 'true',
+                  **(self._web_api_tokens() if web_api else {})}
+        with self._graphql_session(referer, csrf=self._csrf_token(), lsd=params.get('lsd')) as tmpsession:
+            resp_json = self.get_json('api/graphql' if web_api else 'graphql/query', params=params,
+                                      session=tmpsession, use_post=True)
+        # api/graphql does not respond with a "status" field.
+        if not web_api and 'status' not in resp_json:
            self.error("GraphQL response did not contain a \"status\" field.")
        return resp_json

@@ -599,12 +738,33 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
        .. versionadded:: 4.2.1"""
        with copy_session(self._session, self.request_timeout) as tempsession:
            # Set headers to simulate an API request from iPad
-            tempsession.headers['ig-intended-user-id'] = str(self.user_id)
+            # ig-intended-user-id should name the logged-in user; self.user_id is derived
+            # from the ds_user_id cookie, so it is set for any logged-in session. Without a
+            # logged-in user, omit the header rather than sending the literal string "None".
+            if self.user_id is not None:
+                tempsession.headers['ig-intended-user-id'] = self.user_id
            tempsession.headers['x-pigeon-rawclienttime'] = '{:.6f}'.format(time.time())

            # Add headers obtained from previous iPad request
            tempsession.headers.update(self.iphone_headers)

+            # The mobile API requires an Authorization bearer token for most
+            # endpoints (reels_media, users/info, ...); without it they answer
+            # with empty data or a "fail" status. A token is handed out via
+            # the ig-set-authorization response header, but only by the few
+            # endpoints that still accept cookie-only requests (e.g.
+            # media/<id>/info/), so relying on having seen one makes success
+            # depend on request order. The token is deterministically derived
+            # from the session cookies, so construct it if none is known yet.
+            if 'authorization' not in tempsession.headers and self.user_id is not None:
+                sessionid = tempsession.cookies.get_dict().get('sessionid')
+                if sessionid:
+                    token = b64encode(json.dumps(
+                        {'ds_user_id': self.user_id,
+                         'sessionid': sessionid},
+                        separators=(',', ':')).encode()).decode()
+                    tempsession.headers['authorization'] = 'Bearer IGT:2:{}'.format(token)
+
            # Extract key information from cookies if we haven't got it already from a previous request
            header_cookies_mapping = {'x-mid': 'mid',
                                     'ig-u-ds-user-id': 'ds_user_id',
@@ -650,6 +810,44 @@ class InstaloaderContext:

            return response

+    def _get_page(self, session: requests.Session, path: str) -> str:
+        """Load a page of ``www.instagram.com`` and return its HTML."""
+        self.do_sleep()
+        self._rate_controller.wait_before_query('other')
+        url = 'https://www.instagram.com/{0}'.format(path)
+        # Instagram only embeds the data when the request looks like a browser's page navigation.
+        headers = {'Accept': 'text/html', 'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'document', 'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'navigate',
+                   'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'none'}
+        try:
+            resp = session.get(url, headers=headers, allow_redirects=False)
+        except requests.exceptions.RequestException as err:
+            raise ConnectionException("Page request to {}: {}".format(url, err)) from err
+        self._raise_if_login_redirect(resp)
+        if resp.status_code == 404:
+            raise QueryReturnedNotFoundException(self._response_error(resp))
+        if resp.status_code != 200:
+            raise ConnectionException(self._response_error(resp))
+        return resp.text
+
+    def get_page_data(self, path: str) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Load a page of ``www.instagram.com`` as a logged-out visitor and return the data it embeds.
+
+        Instagram renders public profile and post pages with the results of their GraphQL queries
+        embedded in the HTML, even when it refuses anonymous API requests for the same data.
+
+        :param path: URL, relative to ``www.instagram.com/``
+        :return: The ``data`` object of each query result that the page embeds, in page order.
+        :raises QueryReturnedNotFoundException: When the server responds with a 404.
+        :raises ConnectionException: When the request failed.
+        """
+        with self.get_anonymous_session() as anonymous_session:
+            html = self._get_page(anonymous_session, path)
+        data: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+        for script in re.finditer(r'<script type="application/json"[^>]*>(.*?)</script>', html, re.DOTALL):
+            with suppress(json.decoder.JSONDecodeError):
+                data.extend(_embedded_query_data(json.loads(script.group(1))))
+        return data
+
    def write_raw(self, resp: Union[bytes, requests.Response], filename: str) -> None:
        """Write raw response data into a file.

@@ -662,27 +860,26 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
                file.write(resp)
        os.replace(filename + '.temp', filename)

-    def get_raw(self, url: str, _attempt=1) -> requests.Response:
+    def get_raw(self, url: str) -> requests.Response:
        """Downloads a file anonymously.

+        This does not retry on its own; callers that need retrying are decorated with
+        ``_retry_on_connection_error``.
+
        :raises QueryReturnedNotFoundException: When the server responds with a 404.
        :raises QueryReturnedForbiddenException: When the server responds with a 403.
        :raises ConnectionException: When download failed.

-        .. versionadded:: 4.2.1"""
+        .. versionadded:: 4.2.1
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.16
+           Removed the `_attempt` parameter.
+        """
        with self.get_anonymous_session() as anonymous_session:
            resp = anonymous_session.get(url, stream=True)
-        if resp.status_code == 200:
-            resp.raw.decode_content = True
-            return resp
-        else:
-            if resp.status_code == 403:
-                # suspected invalid URL signature
-                raise QueryReturnedForbiddenException(self._response_error(resp))
-            if resp.status_code == 404:
-                # 404 not worth retrying.
-                raise QueryReturnedNotFoundException(self._response_error(resp))
-            raise ConnectionException(self._response_error(resp))
+        self._raise_for_download_status(resp)
+        resp.raw.decode_content = True
+        return resp

    def get_and_write_raw(self, url: str, filename: str) -> None:
        """Downloads and writes anonymously-requested raw data into a file.
@@ -703,16 +900,8 @@ class InstaloaderContext:
        """
        with self.get_anonymous_session() as anonymous_session:
            resp = anonymous_session.head(url, allow_redirects=allow_redirects)
-        if resp.status_code == 200:
-            return resp
-        else:
-            if resp.status_code == 403:
-                # suspected invalid URL signature
-                raise QueryReturnedForbiddenException(self._response_error(resp))
-            if resp.status_code == 404:
-                # 404 not worth retrying.
-                raise QueryReturnedNotFoundException(self._response_error(resp))
-            raise ConnectionException(self._response_error(resp))
+        self._raise_for_download_status(resp)
+        return resp


 class RateController:
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 from lzma import LZMAError
 from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, Iterator, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple, TypeVar

-from .exceptions import AbortDownloadException, InvalidArgumentException
+from .exceptions import InvalidArgumentException
 from .instaloadercontext import InstaloaderContext

 class FrozenNodeIterator(NamedTuple):
@@ -69,6 +69,9 @@ class NodeIterator(Iterator[T]):

    .. versionchanged: 4.13
       Included support for `doc_id`-based queries (using POST method).
+
+    .. versionchanged: 4.16
+       Added `web_api` parameter, see :meth:`InstaloaderContext.doc_id_graphql_query`.
    """

    _graphql_page_length = 12
@@ -83,10 +86,12 @@ class NodeIterator(Iterator[T]):
                 query_referer: Optional[str] = None,
                 first_data: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
                 is_first: Optional[Callable[[T, Optional[T]], bool]] = None,
-                 doc_id: Optional[str] = None):
+                 doc_id: Optional[str] = None,
+                 web_api: bool = False):
        self._context = context
        self._query_hash = query_hash
        self._doc_id = doc_id
+        self._web_api = web_api
        self._edge_extractor = edge_extractor
        self._node_wrapper = node_wrapper
        self._query_variables = query_variables if query_variables is not None else {}
@@ -99,6 +104,7 @@ class NodeIterator(Iterator[T]):
        else:
            self._data = self._query()
        self._first_node: Optional[Dict] = None
+        self._first_item: Optional[T] = None
        self._is_first = is_first

    def _query(self, after: Optional[str] = None) -> Dict:
@@ -109,15 +115,15 @@ class NodeIterator(Iterator[T]):
            return self._query_query_hash(self._query_hash, after)

    def _query_doc_id(self, doc_id: str, after: Optional[str] = None) -> Dict:
-        pagination_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {'__relay_internal__pv__PolarisFeedShareMenurelayprovider': False}
+        pagination_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}
        if after is not None:
            pagination_variables['after'] = after
            pagination_variables['before'] = None
-            pagination_variables['first'] = 12
+            pagination_variables['first'] = NodeIterator._graphql_page_length
            pagination_variables['last'] = None
        data = self._edge_extractor(
            self._context.doc_id_graphql_query(
-                doc_id, {**self._query_variables, **pagination_variables}, self._query_referer
+                doc_id, {**self._query_variables, **pagination_variables}, self._query_referer, self._web_api
            )
        )
        self._best_before = datetime.now() + NodeIterator._shelf_life
@@ -151,10 +157,10 @@ class NodeIterator(Iterator[T]):
            item = self._node_wrapper(node)
            if self._is_first is not None:
                if self._is_first(item, self.first_item):
-                    self._first_node = node
+                    self._first_node, self._first_item = node, item
            else:
                if self._first_node is None:
-                    self._first_node = node
+                    self._first_node, self._first_item = node, item
            return item
        if self._data.get('page_info', {}).get('has_next_page'):
            query_response = self._query(self._data['page_info']['end_cursor'])
@@ -201,7 +207,15 @@ class NodeIterator(Iterator[T]):
        .. versionchanged:: 4.9.2
           What is considered the first item can be overridden.
        """
-        return self._node_wrapper(self._first_node) if self._first_node is not None else None
+        if self._first_item is None:
+            # Restore _first_item from _first_node. Needed after thawing, since
+            # FrozenNodeIterator stores the node, not the item.
+            self._first_item = (
+                self._node_wrapper(self._first_node)
+                if self._first_node is not None
+                else None
+            )
+        return self._first_item

    @staticmethod
    def page_length() -> int:
@@ -318,7 +332,7 @@ def resumable_iteration(context: InstaloaderContext,
            context.error("Warning: Not resuming from {}: {}".format(resume_file_path, exc))
    try:
        yield is_resuming, start_index
-    except (KeyboardInterrupt, AbortDownloadException):
+    except (Exception, KeyboardInterrupt):
        if os.path.dirname(resume_file_path):
            os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(resume_file_path), exist_ok=True)
        save(iterator.freeze(), resume_file_path)
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class PostSidecarNode(NamedTuple):
    """Item of a Sidecar Post."""
    is_video: bool
    display_url: str
-    video_url: str
+    video_url: Optional[str]


 PostSidecarNode.is_video.__doc__ = "Whether this node is a video."
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ _hashtag_regex = re.compile(r"(?:#)((?:\w){1,150})")
 # support Unicode and a word/beginning of string delimiter at the beginning to ensure
 # that no email addresses join the list of mentions.
 # http://blog.jstassen.com/2016/03/code-regex-for-instagram-username-and-hashtags/
-_mention_regex = re.compile(r"(?:^|[^\w\n]|_)(?:@)(\w(?:(?:\w|(?:\.(?!\.))){0,28}(?:\w))?)", re.ASCII)
+_mention_regex = re.compile(r"(?:^|\W|_)(?:@)(\w(?:(?:\w|(?:\.(?!\.))){0,28}(?:\w))?)", re.ASCII)


 def _optional_normalize(string: Optional[str]) -> Optional[str]:
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ class Post:
    This class unifies access to the properties associated with a post. It implements == and is
    hashable.

-    :param context: :attr:`Instaloader.context` used for additional queries if neccessary..
+    :param context: :attr:`Instaloader.context` used for additional queries if necessary..
    :param node: Node structure, as returned by Instagram.
    :param owner_profile: The Profile of the owner, if already known at creation.
    """
@@ -258,6 +258,96 @@ class Post:
            fake_node["video_url"] = iphone_node["video_versions"][0]["url"]
        return fake_node

+    @staticmethod
+    def _fetch_play_count_from_clips(context: 'InstaloaderContext', user_id: str,
+                                     shortcode: str) -> Optional[int]:
+        """Fetch play_count for a reel via the clips connection endpoint as a fallback."""
+        try:
+            resp = context.doc_id_graphql_query(
+                "27234427476213202",
+                {"data": {"include_feed_video": True, "page_size": 12,
+                           "target_user_id": str(user_id)}},
+            )
+            edges = ((resp.get("data") or {})
+                     .get("xdt_api__v1__clips__user__connection_v2") or {})
+            for edge in edges.get("edges") or []:
+                media = (edge.get("node") or {}).get("media") or {}
+                if media.get("code") == shortcode:
+                    return media.get("play_count")
+        except (ConnectionException, BadResponseException):
+            pass
+        return None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _normalize_post_data(media: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Normalize a Polaris media item to a legacy-compatible node, preserving the source structure."""
+        media_types = {1: "GraphImage", 2: "GraphVideo", 8: "GraphSidecar"}
+        media_type = media.get("media_type")
+        typename = None
+        if isinstance(media_type, int):
+            typename = media_types.get(media_type)
+        if not typename:
+            raise BadResponseException(f"Unknown media_type in metadata: {media_type}.")
+        pic_json: Dict[str, Any] = media.copy()
+        pic_json["shortcode"] = media["code"]
+        pic_json["id"] = media["pk"]
+        pic_json["__typename"] = typename
+        pic_json["is_video"] = media_type == 2
+        pic_json["taken_at_timestamp"] = media["taken_at"]
+        pic_json["owner"] = {
+            "id": media["user"]["pk"],
+            "username": media["user"].get("username", ""),
+            "full_name": media["user"].get("full_name", ""),
+        }
+        candidates = (media.get("image_versions2") or {}).get("candidates") or []
+        pic_json["display_url"] = candidates[0]["url"] if candidates else None
+        video_versions = media.get("video_versions") or []
+        pic_json["video_url"] = video_versions[0]["url"] if video_versions else None
+        pic_json["video_duration"] = media.get("video_duration")
+        pic_json["video_view_count"] = media.get("view_count")
+        pic_json["video_play_count"] = media.get("play_count")
+        caption = media.get("caption")
+        caption_text = caption.get("text") if isinstance(caption, dict) else None
+        pic_json["edge_media_to_caption"] = (
+            {"edges": [{"node": {"text": caption_text}}]} if caption_text is not None
+            else {"edges": []}
+        )
+        pic_json["edge_media_preview_like"] = {"count": media.get("like_count") or 0}
+        pic_json["edge_media_to_parent_comment"] = {
+            "count": media.get("comment_count") or 0,
+            "edges": [],
+        }
+        if media.get("has_liked") is not None:
+            pic_json["viewer_has_liked"] = media["has_liked"]
+        carousel = media.get("carousel_media") or []
+        if carousel:
+            carousel_nodes = []
+            for item in carousel:
+                item_type = item.get("media_type", 1)
+                node: Dict[str, Any] = {
+                    "shortcode": item.get("code", ""),
+                    "__typename": media_types.get(item_type, "GraphImage"),
+                    "is_video": item_type == 2,
+                }
+                item_candidates = (item.get("image_versions2") or {}).get("candidates") or []
+                node["display_url"] = item_candidates[0]["url"] if item_candidates else ""
+                item_videos = item.get("video_versions") or []
+                node["video_url"] = item_videos[0]["url"] if item_videos else None
+                if item.get("accessibility_caption") is not None:
+                    node["accessibility_caption"] = item["accessibility_caption"]
+                carousel_nodes.append({"node": node})
+            pic_json["edge_sidecar_to_children"] = {"edges": carousel_nodes}
+        tagged = (media.get("usertags") or {}).get("in") or []
+        if tagged:
+            pic_json["edge_media_to_tagged_user"] = {
+                "edges": [
+                    {"node": {"user": {"username": t["user"]["username"].lower()}}}
+                    for t in tagged
+                    if (t.get("user") or {}).get("username")
+                ]
+            }
+        return pic_json
+
    @staticmethod
    def shortcode_to_mediaid(code: str) -> int:
        if len(code) > 11:
@@ -319,23 +409,20 @@ class Post:

    def _obtain_metadata(self):
        if not self._full_metadata_dict:
-            pic_json = self._context.doc_id_graphql_query(
-                "8845758582119845", {"shortcode": self.shortcode}
-            )["data"]["xdt_shortcode_media"]
-            if pic_json is None:
+            resp = self._context.doc_id_graphql_query(
+                "27128499623469141",
+                {
+                    "shortcode": self.shortcode,
+                    "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisAIGMMediaWebLabelEnabledrelayprovider": False,
+                },
+                # As the logged-out web app does.
+                web_api=not self._context.is_logged_in,
+            )
+            web_info = (resp.get("data") or {}).get("xdt_api__v1__media__shortcode__web_info") or {}
+            items = web_info.get("items")
+            if not items:
                raise BadResponseException("Fetching Post metadata failed.")
-            try:
-                xdt_types = {
-                    "XDTGraphImage": "GraphImage",
-                    "XDTGraphVideo": "GraphVideo",
-                    "XDTGraphSidecar": "GraphSidecar",
-                }
-                pic_json["__typename"] = xdt_types[pic_json["__typename"]]
-            except KeyError as exc:
-                raise BadResponseException(
-                    f"Unknown __typename in metadata: {pic_json['__typename']}."
-                ) from exc
-            self._full_metadata_dict = pic_json
+            self._full_metadata_dict = Post._normalize_post_data(items[0])
            if self.shortcode != self._full_metadata_dict['shortcode']:
                self._node.update(self._full_metadata_dict)
                raise PostChangedException
@@ -512,14 +599,14 @@ class Post:

    @property
    def caption_hashtags(self) -> List[str]:
-        """List of all lowercased hashtags (without preceeding #) that occur in the Post's caption."""
+        """List of all lowercased hashtags (without preceding #) that occur in the Post's caption."""
        if not self.caption:
            return []
        return _hashtag_regex.findall(self.caption.lower())

    @property
    def caption_mentions(self) -> List[str]:
-        """List of all lowercased profiles that are mentioned in the Post's caption, without preceeding @."""
+        """List of all lowercased profiles that are mentioned in the Post's caption, without preceding @."""
        if not self.caption:
            return []
        return _mention_regex.findall(self.caption.lower())
@@ -602,6 +689,19 @@ class Post:
            return self._field('video_view_count')
        return None

+    @property
+    def video_play_count(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        """Play count of the video, or None.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 4.14.3"""
+        if self.is_video:
+            play_count = self._field('video_play_count')
+            # Not logged in, the clips connection is null.
+            if play_count is None and self.video_view_count is None and self._context.is_logged_in:
+                play_count = Post._fetch_play_count_from_clips(self._context, str(self.owner_id), self.shortcode)
+            return play_count
+        return None
+
    @property
    def video_duration(self) -> Optional[float]:
        """Duration of the video in seconds, or None.
@@ -781,19 +881,9 @@ class Post:
        if self.likes == 0:
            # Avoid doing additional requests if there are no comments
            return
-        likes_edges = self._field('edge_media_preview_like', 'edges')
-        if self.likes == len(likes_edges):
-            # If the Post's metadata already contains all likes, don't do GraphQL requests to obtain them
-            yield from (Profile(self._context, like['node']) for like in likes_edges)
-            return
-        yield from NodeIterator(
-            self._context,
-            '1cb6ec562846122743b61e492c85999f',
-            lambda d: d['data']['shortcode_media']['edge_liked_by'],
-            lambda n: Profile(self._context, n),
-            {'shortcode': self.shortcode},
-            'https://www.instagram.com/p/{0}/'.format(self.shortcode),
-        )
+        data = self._context.get_json(f"api/v1/media/{self.mediaid}/likers/", {})
+        for user in data["users"]:
+            yield Profile(self._context, user)

    @property
    def is_sponsored(self) -> bool:
@@ -880,7 +970,8 @@ class Profile:
    Also, this class implements == and is hashable.
    """
    def __init__(self, context: InstaloaderContext, node: Dict[str, Any]):
-        assert 'username' in node
+        assert "username" in node
+        assert "id" in node or "pk" in node
        self._context = context
        self._has_public_story: Optional[bool] = None
        self._node = node
@@ -900,10 +991,30 @@ class Profile:
        :param username: Username
        :raises: :class:`ProfileNotExistsException`
        """
-        # pylint:disable=protected-access
-        profile = cls(context, {'username': username.lower()})
-        profile._obtain_metadata()  # to raise ProfileNotExistsException now in case username is invalid
-        return profile
+        # Resolve the profile through its public web page, which Instagram renders with the
+        # profile embedded. The web_profile_info endpoint previously used here is refused
+        # with HTTP 400 for some professional profiles, and with HTTP 401 or 429 for some
+        # sessions, both anonymously and when logged in.
+        try:
+            page = context.get_page_data("{0}/".format(username.lower()))
+        except QueryReturnedNotFoundException:
+            page = []
+        # The page embeds two queries for the profile: one for its details and one for its
+        # posts.
+        user: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+        for data in page:
+            user.update(data.get("xig_user_by_username") or {})
+        if not user.get("pk"):
+            raise ProfileNotExistsException("Profile {} does not exist.".format(username))
+        user.pop("polaris_ordered_timeline_connection", None)
+        # The page's "id" is not the user ID, which is "pk".
+        node = dict(user, id=user["pk"])
+        if context.is_logged_in:
+            # The page shows the profile as a logged-out visitor sees it. Leave the missing
+            # fields, notably the viewer's relationship to the profile, such as
+            # followed_by_viewer, to the GraphQL profile query in _obtain_metadata().
+            return cls(context, node)
+        return cls(context, cls._normalize_profile_data(node))

    @classmethod
    def from_id(cls, context: InstaloaderContext, profile_id: int):
@@ -916,15 +1027,24 @@ class Profile:
        """
        if profile_id in context.profile_id_cache:
            return context.profile_id_cache[profile_id]
-        data = context.graphql_query('7c16654f22c819fb63d1183034a5162f',
-                                     {'user_id': str(profile_id),
-                                      'include_chaining': False,
-                                      'include_reel': True,
-                                      'include_suggested_users': False,
-                                      'include_logged_out_extras': False,
-                                      'include_highlight_reels': False})['data']['user']
-        if data:
-            profile = cls(context, data['reel']['owner'])
+        try:
+            user = context.doc_id_graphql_query(
+                '27937681195819736',
+                {
+                    "id": str(profile_id),
+                    "render_surface": "PROFILE",
+                    "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisCannesGuardianExperienceEnabledrelayprovider": True,
+                    "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisCASB976ProfileEnabledrelayprovider": False,
+                    "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisRepostsConsumptionEnabledrelayprovider": False,
+                    "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisWebSchoolsEnabledrelayprovider": False,
+                    "enable_integrity_filters": True,
+                },
+                web_api=True,
+            ).get('data', {}).get('user')
+        except QueryReturnedNotFoundException:
+            user = None
+        if user and user.get('username'):
+            profile = cls(context, cls._normalize_profile_data(user))
        else:
            raise ProfileNotExistsException("No profile found, the user may have blocked you (ID: " +
                                            str(profile_id) + ").")
@@ -970,11 +1090,41 @@ class Profile:
    def _obtain_metadata(self):
        try:
            if not self._has_full_metadata:
-                metadata = self._context.get_iphone_json(f'api/v1/users/web_profile_info/?username={self.username}',
-                                                         params={})
-                if metadata['data']['user'] is None:
+                if not self._context.is_logged_in:
+                    # Anonymous access: the web_profile_info endpoint returns the full
+                    # node in the legacy format and still works, unlike the GraphQL
+                    # profile query.
+                    try:
+                        data = self._context.get_json(
+                            "api/v1/users/web_profile_info/",
+                            params={"username": self.username},
+                        ).get('data')
+                    except QueryReturnedNotFoundException as err:
+                        raise ProfileNotExistsException(
+                            'Profile {} does not exist.'.format(self.username)) from err
+                    user_data = data.get('user') if data else None
+                    if user_data is None:
+                        raise ProfileNotExistsException('Profile {} does not exist.'.format(self.username))
+                    self._node = user_data
+                    self._has_full_metadata = True
+                    return
+                user_id = self._node.get('id') or self._node.get('pk')
+                variables = {
+                    "id": str(user_id),
+                    "render_surface": "PROFILE",
+                    "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisCannesGuardianExperienceEnabledrelayprovider": True,
+                    "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisCASB976ProfileEnabledrelayprovider": False,
+                    "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisRepostsConsumptionEnabledrelayprovider": False,
+                    "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisWebSchoolsEnabledrelayprovider": False,
+                    "enable_integrity_filters": True,
+                }
+                data = self._context.doc_id_graphql_query('27937681195819736', variables)
+                if data is None:
+                    raise QueryReturnedNotFoundException('GraphQL query returned None')
+                user_data = data.get('data', {}).get('user')
+                if user_data is None:
                    raise ProfileNotExistsException('Profile {} does not exist.'.format(self.username))
-                self._node = metadata['data']['user']
+                self._node = self._normalize_profile_data(user_data)
                self._has_full_metadata = True
        except (QueryReturnedNotFoundException, KeyError) as err:
            top_search_results = TopSearchResults(self._context, self.username)
@@ -989,6 +1139,48 @@ class Profile:
                                                        ', '.join(similar_profiles[0:5]))) from err
            raise ProfileNotExistsException('Profile {} does not exist.'.format(self.username)) from err

+    @staticmethod
+    def _normalize_profile_data(user_data: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Normalize PolarisProfilePageContentQuery response to match legacy format."""
+        normalized = user_data.copy()
+        if 'id' not in normalized and 'pk' in normalized:
+            normalized['id'] = normalized['pk']
+        if 'edge_owner_to_timeline_media' not in normalized and 'media_count' in normalized:
+            normalized['edge_owner_to_timeline_media'] = {'count': normalized['media_count']}
+        # The logged-out profile page has all_media_count instead.
+        if 'edge_owner_to_timeline_media' not in normalized and 'all_media_count' in normalized:
+            normalized['edge_owner_to_timeline_media'] = {'count': normalized['all_media_count']}
+        if 'edge_felix_video_timeline' not in normalized:
+            normalized['edge_felix_video_timeline'] = {'count': 0}
+        if 'edge_followed_by' not in normalized and 'follower_count' in normalized:
+            normalized['edge_followed_by'] = {'count': normalized['follower_count']}
+        if 'edge_follow' not in normalized and 'following_count' in normalized:
+            normalized['edge_follow'] = {'count': normalized['following_count']}
+        if 'is_business_account' not in normalized and 'is_business' in normalized:
+            normalized['is_business_account'] = normalized['is_business']
+        if 'business_category_name' not in normalized and 'category' in normalized:
+            normalized['business_category_name'] = normalized['category']
+        friendship = normalized.get('friendship_status', {}) or {}
+        if 'followed_by_viewer' not in normalized:
+            normalized['followed_by_viewer'] = friendship.get('following', False)
+        if 'follows_viewer' not in normalized:
+            normalized['follows_viewer'] = friendship.get('followed_by', False)
+        if 'blocked_by_viewer' not in normalized:
+            normalized['blocked_by_viewer'] = friendship.get('blocking', False)
+        if 'has_blocked_viewer' not in normalized:
+            normalized['has_blocked_viewer'] = False
+        if 'has_requested_viewer' not in normalized:
+            normalized['has_requested_viewer'] = friendship.get('incoming_request', False)
+        if 'requested_by_viewer' not in normalized:
+            normalized['requested_by_viewer'] = friendship.get('outgoing_request', False)
+        if 'profile_pic_url_hd' not in normalized:
+            hd_info = normalized.get('hd_profile_pic_url_info')
+            if hd_info and 'url' in hd_info:
+                normalized['profile_pic_url_hd'] = hd_info['url']
+            elif 'profile_pic_url' in normalized:
+                normalized['profile_pic_url_hd'] = normalized['profile_pic_url']
+        return normalized
+
    def _metadata(self, *keys) -> Any:
        try:
            d = self._node
@@ -1043,7 +1235,11 @@ class Profile:
        return self._metadata('followed_by_viewer')

    @property
-    def mediacount(self) -> int:
+    def mediacount(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        """Number of posts, or None if unavailable (e.g. when not logged in).
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.16
+           Returns None if unavailable (e.g. when not logged in)."""
        return self._metadata('edge_owner_to_timeline_media', 'count')

    @property
@@ -1079,7 +1275,7 @@ class Profile:
    @property
    def biography_hashtags(self) -> List[str]:
        """
-        List of all lowercased hashtags (without preceeding #) that occur in the Profile's biography.
+        List of all lowercased hashtags (without preceding #) that occur in the Profile's biography.

        .. versionadded:: 4.10
        """
@@ -1090,7 +1286,7 @@ class Profile:
    @property
    def biography_mentions(self) -> List[str]:
        """
-        List of all lowercased profiles that are mentioned in the Profile's biography, without preceeding @.
+        List of all lowercased profiles that are mentioned in the Profile's biography, without preceding @.

        .. versionadded:: 4.10
        """
@@ -1195,20 +1391,75 @@ class Profile:
    def get_posts(self) -> NodeIterator[Post]:
        """Retrieve all posts from a profile.

-        :rtype: NodeIterator[Post]"""
+        :rtype: NodeIterator[Post]
+        :raises PrivateProfileNotFollowedException: When logged in and the profile is private and not followed.
+        :raises LoginRequiredException: When not logged in and the profile is private."""
+        if not self._context.is_logged_in:
+            # As the logged-out web app, take the first posts from the profile page, and query further ones
+            # (PolarisLoggedOutDesktopWWWProfilePostsTabContentQuery_connection) by the page's "id" of the
+            # profile, which is not its user ID.
+            page = self._context.get_page_data(f"{self.username}/")
+            # The page shows no posts of a private profile, rather than an error.
+            if any((data.get("xig_user_by_username") or {}).get("is_private") for data in page):
+                raise LoginRequiredException(f"Login required to access the posts of private profile {self.username}.")
+            user = next((data["xig_user_by_username"] for data in page
+                         if "polaris_ordered_timeline_connection" in (data.get("xig_user_by_username") or {})),
+                        None)
+            if user is None:
+                raise BadResponseException(f"The page of profile {self.username} did not contain its posts.")
+            return NodeIterator(
+                context=self._context,
+                edge_extractor=lambda d: d["data"]["node"]["polaris_ordered_timeline_connection"],
+                # The nodes lack most of the post's metadata, as in get_reels().
+                node_wrapper=lambda n: Post.from_shortcode(self._context, n["code"]),
+                query_variables={
+                    "id": user["id"],
+                    "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisSEOIsCrawlerrelayprovider": False,
+                },
+                query_referer="https://www.instagram.com/{0}/".format(self.username),
+                is_first=Profile._make_is_newest_checker(),
+                doc_id="28904005159232689",
+                query_hash=None,
+                first_data=user["polaris_ordered_timeline_connection"],
+                web_api=True,
+            )
        self._obtain_metadata()
+        # Instagram answers with an empty timeline rather than an error in that case. Unlike followed_by_viewer,
+        # which defaults to False, friendship_status tells whether the follow state is actually known.
+        if (self.is_private and self.username != (self._context.username or '').lower() and
+                (self._node.get('friendship_status') or {}).get('following') is False):
+            raise PrivateProfileNotFollowedException("Profile {} is private but not followed.".format(self.username))
        return NodeIterator(
-            context = self._context,
-            edge_extractor = lambda d: d['data']['xdt_api__v1__feed__user_timeline_graphql_connection'],
-            node_wrapper = lambda n: Post.from_iphone_struct(self._context, n),
-            query_variables = {'data': {
-                'count': 12, 'include_relationship_info': True,
-                'latest_besties_reel_media': True, 'latest_reel_media': True},
-             'username': self.username},
-            query_referer = 'https://www.instagram.com/{0}/'.format(self.username),
-            is_first = Profile._make_is_newest_checker(),
-            doc_id = '7898261790222653',
-            query_hash = None,
+            context=self._context,
+            edge_extractor=lambda d: d["data"]["xdt_api__v1__feed__user_timeline_graphql_connection"],
+            node_wrapper=lambda n: Post.from_iphone_struct(self._context, n),
+            # The query and variables that the web app sends for a profile's posts tab
+            # (PolarisProfilePostsTabContentQuery_connection). Instagram answers the
+            # previous queries, 7898261790222653 ("execution error") and 28975909992013618
+            # (400 "feedback_required"), with errors.
+            # It must be sent to the web app's api/graphql endpoint.
+            query_variables={
+                "data": {
+                    "count": 12,
+                    "include_reel_media_seen_timestamp": True,
+                    "include_relationship_info": True,
+                    "latest_besties_reel_media": True,
+                    "latest_reel_media": True,
+                },
+                "first": 12,
+                "include_multi_captions": True,
+                "username": self.username,
+                "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisMultiCaptionCarouselEnabledrelayprovider": True,
+                "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisShortDramaEnabledrelayprovider": True,
+                "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisSEOIsCrawlerrelayprovider": False,
+                "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisThreadsStyleCommentsEnabledrelayprovider": False,
+                "__relay_internal__pv__PolarisReelsRecoDebugOverlayEnabledrelayprovider": False,
+            },
+            query_referer="https://www.instagram.com/{0}/".format(self.username),
+            is_first=Profile._make_is_newest_checker(),
+            doc_id="29104886249145907",
+            query_hash=None,
+            web_api=True,
        )

    def get_saved_posts(self) -> NodeIterator[Post]:
@@ -1534,7 +1785,7 @@ class StoryItem:
    @property
    def caption_hashtags(self) -> List[str]:
        """
-        List of all lowercased hashtags (without preceeding #) that occur in the StoryItem's caption.
+        List of all lowercased hashtags (without preceding #) that occur in the StoryItem's caption.

        .. versionadded:: 4.10
        """
@@ -1545,7 +1796,7 @@ class StoryItem:
    @property
    def caption_mentions(self) -> List[str]:
        """
-        List of all lowercased profiles that are mentioned in the StoryItem's caption, without preceeding @.
+        List of all lowercased profiles that are mentioned in the StoryItem's caption, without preceding @.

        .. versionadded:: 4.10
        """
@@ -1844,11 +2095,11 @@ class Hashtag:
    @classmethod
    def from_name(cls, context: InstaloaderContext, name: str):
        """
-        Create a Hashtag instance from a given hashtag name, without preceeding '#'. Raises an Exception if there is no
+        Create a Hashtag instance from a given hashtag name, without preceding '#'. Raises an Exception if there is no
        hashtag with the given name.

        :param context: :attr:`Instaloader.context`
-        :param name: Hashtag, without preceeding '#'
+        :param name: Hashtag, without preceding '#'
        :raises: :class:`QueryReturnedNotFoundException`
        """
        # pylint:disable=protected-access
@@ -1858,11 +2109,13 @@ class Hashtag:

    @property
    def name(self):
-        """Hashtag name lowercased, without preceeding '#'"""
+        """Hashtag name lowercased, without preceding '#'"""
        return self._node["name"].lower()

    def _query(self, params):
-        json_response = self._context.get_json("explore/tags/{0}/".format(self.name), params)
+        json_response = self._context.get_iphone_json(
+            "api/v1/tags/web_info/", {**params, "tag_name": self.name}
+        )
        return json_response["graphql"]["hashtag"] if "graphql" in json_response else json_response["data"]

    def _obtain_metadata(self):
@@ -2185,7 +2438,7 @@ def load_structure(context: InstaloaderContext, json_structure: dict) -> JsonExp
    """Loads a :class:`Post`, :class:`Profile`, :class:`StoryItem`, :class:`Hashtag` or :class:`FrozenNodeIterator` from
    a json structure.

-    :param context: :attr:`Instaloader.context` linked to the new object, used for additional queries if neccessary.
+    :param context: :attr:`Instaloader.context` linked to the new object, used for additional queries if necessary.
    :param json_structure: Instaloader JSON structure

    .. versionadded:: 4.8
@@ -2215,7 +2468,7 @@ def load_structure_from_file(context: InstaloaderContext, filename: str) -> Json
    """Loads a :class:`Post`, :class:`Profile`, :class:`StoryItem`, :class:`Hashtag` or :class:`FrozenNodeIterator` from
    a '.json' or '.json.xz' file that has been saved by :func:`save_structure_to_file`.

-    :param context: :attr:`Instaloader.context` linked to the new object, used for additional queries if neccessary.
+    :param context: :attr:`Instaloader.context` linked to the new object, used for additional queries if necessary.
    :param filename: Filename, ends in '.json' or '.json.xz'
    """
    compressed = filename.endswith('.xz')
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ def get_version():
    raise SystemExit("Could not find version string.")


-if sys.version_info < (3, 9):
-    sys.exit('Instaloader requires Python >= 3.9.')
+if sys.version_info < (3, 10):
+    sys.exit('Instaloader requires Python >= 3.10.')

 requirements = ['requests>=2.25']
 optional_requirements = {
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ setup(
                'from Instagram.',
    long_description=open(os.path.join(SRC, 'README.rst')).read(),
    install_requires=requirements,
-    python_requires='>=3.9',
+    python_requires='>=3.10',
    extras_require=optional_requirements,
    entry_points={'console_scripts': ['instaloader=instaloader.__main__:main']},
    zip_safe=False,
@@ -58,11 +58,12 @@ setup(
        'Intended Audience :: Developers',
        'License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License',
        'Operating System :: OS Independent',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.15',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only',
        'Topic :: Internet',
        'Topic :: Multimedia :: Graphics'
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Instaloader Tests
+
+Integration tests for Instaloader features that require Instagram access are maintained here:
+https://github.com/instaloader/instaloader-tests
@@ -1,214 +0,0 @@
-"""Unit Tests for Instaloader"""
-
-import os
-import shutil
-import tempfile
-import unittest
-from itertools import islice
-from typing import Optional
-
-import instaloader
-
-PROFILE_WITH_HIGHLIGHTS = 325732271
-PUBLIC_PROFILE = "selenagomez"
-PUBLIC_PROFILE_ID = 460563723
-PUBLIC_PROFILE_WITH_IGTV = "natgeo"
-HASHTAG = "kitten"
-LOCATION = "362629379"
-OWN_USERNAME = "aandergr"
-NORMAL_MAX_COUNT = 2
-PAGING_MAX_COUNT = 15
-PRIVATE_PROFILE = "aandergr"
-PRIVATE_PROFILE_ID = 1706625676
-EMPTY_PROFILE = "not_public"
-EMPTY_PROFILE_ID = 1928659031
-
-ratecontroller: Optional[instaloader.RateController] = None
-
-
-class TestInstaloaderAnonymously(unittest.TestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
-        print("Testing in {}".format(self.dir))
-        os.chdir(self.dir)
-        self.L = instaloader.Instaloader(download_geotags=True,
-                                         download_comments=True,
-                                         save_metadata=True)
-        self.L.context.raise_all_errors = True
-        if ratecontroller is not None:
-            # pylint:disable=protected-access
-            ratecontroller._context = self.L.context
-            self.L.context._rate_controller = ratecontroller
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        # pylint:disable=global-statement,protected-access
-        global ratecontroller
-        ratecontroller = self.L.context._rate_controller
-        self.L.close()
-        os.chdir('/')
-        print("Removing {}".format(self.dir))
-        shutil.rmtree(self.dir)
-
-    def post_paging_test(self, iterator):
-        previous_post = None
-        for post in islice(iterator, PAGING_MAX_COUNT):
-            print(post)
-            if previous_post:
-                self.assertTrue(post.date_utc < previous_post.date_utc)
-            previous_post = post
-
-    @unittest.skip('')
-    def test_public_profile_download(self):
-        profiles = {self.L.check_profile_id(PUBLIC_PROFILE)}
-        self.L.download_profiles(profiles, profile_pic=False, fast_update=True, raise_errors=True)
-        self.L.download_profiles(profiles, profile_pic=False, fast_update=True, raise_errors=True)
-
-    def test_public_profile_paging(self):
-        self.post_paging_test(instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, PUBLIC_PROFILE).get_posts())
-
-    def test_profile_pic_download(self):
-        self.L.download_profiles({self.L.check_profile_id(PUBLIC_PROFILE)}, posts=False, raise_errors=True)
-
-    def test_hashtag_download(self):
-        self.L.download_hashtag(HASHTAG, NORMAL_MAX_COUNT)
-
-    def test_hashtag_paging(self):
-        for count, post in enumerate(instaloader.Hashtag.from_name(self.L.context, HASHTAG).get_all_posts()):
-            print(post)
-            if count == PAGING_MAX_COUNT:
-                break
-
-    def test_get_id_by_username(self):
-        self.assertEqual(PUBLIC_PROFILE_ID,
-                         instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, PUBLIC_PROFILE).userid)
-
-    def test_get_username_by_id_private(self):
-        self.assertEqual(PRIVATE_PROFILE.lower(),
-                         instaloader.Profile.from_id(self.L.context, PRIVATE_PROFILE_ID).username)
-
-    def test_get_username_by_id_public(self):
-        self.assertEqual(PUBLIC_PROFILE.lower(),
-                         instaloader.Profile.from_id(self.L.context, PUBLIC_PROFILE_ID).username)
-
-    def test_get_username_by_id_empty(self):
-        self.assertEqual(EMPTY_PROFILE.lower(),
-                         instaloader.Profile.from_id(self.L.context, EMPTY_PROFILE_ID).username)
-
-    def test_get_username_by_name_empty(self):
-        self.assertEqual(EMPTY_PROFILE_ID,
-                         instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, EMPTY_PROFILE).userid)
-
-    def test_post_from_mediaid(self):
-        for post in instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, PUBLIC_PROFILE).get_posts():
-            post2 = instaloader.Post.from_mediaid(self.L.context, post.mediaid)
-            self.assertEqual(post, post2)
-            break
-
-    def test_public_profile_tagged_paging(self):
-        for post in islice(instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, PUBLIC_PROFILE).get_tagged_posts(),
-                           PAGING_MAX_COUNT):
-            print(post)
-
-    def test_public_profile_igtv(self):
-        for post in islice(instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, PUBLIC_PROFILE_WITH_IGTV).get_igtv_posts(),
-                           PAGING_MAX_COUNT):
-            print(post)
-
-
-class TestInstaloaderLoggedIn(TestInstaloaderAnonymously):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super().setUp()
-        self.L.load_session_from_file(OWN_USERNAME)
-
-    @unittest.skip('')
-    def test_stories_download(self):
-        self.L.download_stories()
-
-    @unittest.skip('')
-    def test_private_profile_download(self):
-        self.L.download_profiles({self.L.check_profile_id(PRIVATE_PROFILE)}, stories=True, raise_errors=True)
-
-    def test_stories_paging(self):
-        for user_story in self.L.get_stories():
-            print("profile {}.".format(user_story.owner_username))
-            for item in user_story.get_items():
-                print(item)
-
-    def test_highlights_paging(self):
-        for user_highlight in self.L.get_highlights(PROFILE_WITH_HIGHLIGHTS):
-            print("Retrieving {} highlights \"{}\" from profile {}".format(user_highlight.itemcount,
-                                                                           user_highlight.title,
-                                                                           user_highlight.owner_username))
-            for item in user_highlight.get_items():
-                print(item)
-
-    def test_private_profile_paging(self):
-        self.post_paging_test(instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, PRIVATE_PROFILE).get_posts())
-
-    def test_feed_download(self):
-        self.L.download_feed_posts(NORMAL_MAX_COUNT)
-
-    def test_feed_paging(self):
-        for count, post in enumerate(self.L.get_feed_posts()):
-            print(post)
-            if count == PAGING_MAX_COUNT:
-                break
-
-    def test_saved_download(self):
-        self.L.download_saved_posts(NORMAL_MAX_COUNT)
-
-    def test_saved_paging(self):
-        for count, post in enumerate(instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, OWN_USERNAME).get_saved_posts()):
-            print(post)
-            if count == PAGING_MAX_COUNT:
-                break
-
-    def test_test_login(self):
-        self.assertEqual(OWN_USERNAME, self.L.test_login())
-
-    def test_followees_and_stories(self):
-        profile = instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, OWN_USERNAME)
-        followees = set(islice(profile.get_followees(), PAGING_MAX_COUNT))
-        self.L.download_profiles(followees, profile_pic=False, stories=True, posts=False, raise_errors=True)
-
-    def test_get_followees(self):
-        profile = instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, OWN_USERNAME)
-        for f in profile.get_followees():
-            print(f.username)
-
-    def test_get_followers(self):
-        profile = instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, OWN_USERNAME)
-        for f in profile.get_followers():
-            print(f.username)
-
-    def test_get_similar_accounts(self):
-        profile = instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, OWN_USERNAME)
-        for f in profile.get_similar_accounts():
-            print(f.username)
-
-    def test_get_likes(self):
-        for post in instaloader.Profile.from_username(self.L.context, OWN_USERNAME).get_posts():
-            for like in post.get_likes():
-                print(like.username)
-            break
-
-    def test_explore_paging(self):
-        for count, post in enumerate(self.L.get_explore_posts()):
-            print(post)
-            if count == PAGING_MAX_COUNT:
-                break
-
-    def test_location_download(self):
-        self.L.download_location(LOCATION, NORMAL_MAX_COUNT)
-
-    def test_location_paging(self):
-        for count, post in enumerate(self.L.get_location_posts(LOCATION)):
-            print(post)
-            if count == PAGING_MAX_COUNT:
-                break
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    unittest.main()
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Alexander Graf	3338260f5d	Release of version 4.16	2026-10-26 22:31:03 +01:00
Alexander Graf	49b0df42b4	Merge branch 'upcoming/v4.16'	2026-10-26 22:30:31 +01:00
Alexander Graf	756f097626	Prevent user_id setter	2026-10-26 22:12:33 +01:00
Vassilis Papadimas	9e0158de54	fix get_iphone_json: send derived bearer token and correct user_id (#2771 )	2026-10-26 22:06:39 +01:00
Alexander Graf	d035c9b7c7	Update dependencies	2026-10-26 21:54:49 +01:00
Alexander Graf	00a6784029	Fix Profile.from_id()	2026-10-26 21:44:16 +01:00
Alexander Graf	09dea80d2b	Release of version 4.15.5	2026-10-24 16:26:56 +02:00
Alexander Graf	56493a8a78	First Release Candidate for Version 4.16	2026-10-24 16:21:33 +02:00
Alexander Graf	a7119ef1e3	Merge branch 'master' into upcoming/v4.16	2026-10-24 16:05:19 +02:00
André Koch-Kramer	bf3f6e2bfb	Remove PolarisFeedShareMenu relay provider from NodeIterator	2026-10-24 15:14:18 +02:00
Alexander Graf	5b27110476	NodeIterator: keep first_item besides first_node to spare wrapper invocations The NodeIterator is sometimes invocated with node wrappers that are heavy to invocate, e.g. because they trigger requests. Storing the resulting item besides the node allows to avoid those extra requests. In the FrozenNodeIterator, the node is still saved, rather than the item.	2026-10-24 12:03:46 +02:00
Alexander Graf	221cd7f8bc	Add versionchanged directive for Profile.mediacount	2026-10-24 11:22:10 +02:00
Alexander Graf	328e93b0bc	Annotate Profile.mediacount as Optional	2026-10-23 23:40:53 +02:00
Alexander Graf	653efed311	Query Post metadata through api/graphql when not logged in	2026-10-23 23:40:31 +02:00
Alexander Graf	133e5c442c	Fetch clips play count only when Post.video_play_count is accessed	2026-10-23 23:40:13 +02:00
Alexander Graf	28d991f765	Fix Profile.mediacount from the logged-out profile page	2026-10-23 23:39:34 +02:00
Alexander Graf	fa6baebc66	Raise LoginRequiredException in Profile.get_posts() for private profiles when not logged in	2026-10-23 23:36:53 +02:00
Alexander Graf	c0e47314c2	Fix Profile.get_posts() when not logged in	2026-10-23 23:33:28 +02:00
Alexander Graf	e628a8d04a	Allow api/graphql queries when not logged in	2026-10-23 23:27:30 +02:00
Alexander Graf	ca44660707	Fix Post.get_likes() with api/v1/media/{id}/likers endpoint	2026-10-23 22:03:54 +02:00
Alexander Graf	e93795223a	Add AI Policy	2026-10-23 21:16:27 +02:00
Alexander Graf	7d26ad6ab8	Minor improvements to contributing guidelines	2026-10-23 21:16:11 +02:00
Alexander Graf	5432c4cce1	Update copyright years	2026-10-21 22:56:21 +02:00
Alexander Graf	3641b44796	First Beta Release for Version 4.16	2026-10-21 22:18:21 +02:00
Alexander Graf	c56552c5e9	Merge branch 'master' into upcoming/v4.16	2026-10-21 22:01:45 +02:00
Alexander Graf	6cca56ec71	Do not let MyPy analyze the untyped browser_cookie3 module	2026-10-21 21:53:24 +02:00
Alexander Graf	93ff75f51c	Annotate InstaloaderContext.username as Optional[str]	2026-10-21 21:53:18 +02:00
Alexander Graf	0cce956fac	Remove the suggestion-mode option from .pylintrc PyLint 4 removed it.	2026-10-21 21:53:12 +02:00
Alexander Graf	9252370503	Raise PrivateProfileNotFollowedException in Profile.get_posts()	2026-10-21 21:53:01 +02:00
Alexander Graf	d972d9a48c	Query logged-in profile posts through the web app's api/graphql endpoint graphql/query answers with feedback_required; api/graphql needs the fb_dtsg, lsd and av tokens of the logged-in page.	2026-10-21 21:48:43 +02:00
Mayank PadiaandClaude Opus 5.5	7d543dc644	Fix Profile.get_posts() when logged in by updating the posts query Instagram now answers doc_id 28975909992013618 with 400 "feedback_required". Use the query the web app currently sends for a profile's posts tab (PolarisProfilePostsTabContentQuery_connection), doc_id 29104886249145907, with its current relay provider variables. (cherry picked from commit `804894a0b1`, #2785) Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>	2026-10-21 21:48:43 +02:00
Alexander Graf	4948d7a63c	Share the page request of get_page_data()	2026-10-21 21:48:43 +02:00
Alexander Graf	1eab8cafda	Report the login redirect in get_page_data() Instead of reporting "302 Found" for profiles that need a login.	2026-10-21 21:44:35 +02:00
Alexander Graf	54033f9ea6	Share the session setup of the two GraphQL query methods	2026-10-21 21:43:47 +02:00
Alexander Graf	bafd1bf14c	Turn the retry in _retry_on_connection_error() into a loop	2026-10-21 21:34:24 +02:00
Alexander Graf	309708225c	Remove the dead _attempt parameter of get_raw() Unused since `a9e79e9` moved the download retry into _retry_on_connection_error().	2026-10-21 21:31:13 +02:00
Alexander Graf	ba70aec490	Share the download status-code handling of get_raw() and head() Kept separate from _raise_for_status(), as CDN downloads follow a different status policy than the API.	2026-10-21 21:28:08 +02:00
Alexander Graf	fb018c81ca	Do not re-send POST data as query arguments when following a redirect	2026-10-21 21:28:08 +02:00
Alexander Graf	a6c279211d	Do not crash on a fatal status response without Content-Type	2026-10-21 21:22:27 +02:00
Alexander Graf	f4e1f3c95e	Refactor InstaloaderContext.get_json() for readability Split it into small helpers and retry in a loop instead of recursively. This also fixes retried POST queries being repeated as GET.	2026-10-21 21:21:14 +02:00
Alexander Graf	7efa2de6fe	Fix get_feed_posts() with the api/v1/feed/timeline endpoint The GraphQL query used so far now returns edge_web_feed_timeline: null, which raised a TypeError. Page through api/v1/feed/timeline/ instead and convert its media items (iPhone format). Fixes #2556	2026-10-14 22:03:07 +02:00
André Koch-Kramer	58c07c6393	Include licenses in windows exe zip file	2026-10-13 21:33:05 +02:00
Alexander Graf	21d10a7f3e	Merge branch 'master' into upcoming/v4.16	2026-10-12 22:07:09 +02:00
Alexander Graf	bc859a1595	Release of version 4.15.4	2026-10-12 22:00:00 +02:00
Alexander Graf	b5e50aa260	Update contributing guidelines	2026-10-12 21:54:36 +02:00
Markus Magnuson	0cf00a6079	Fix profile resolution and logged-in post fetching (#2765 ) - `InstaloaderContext.get_page_data()` loads a page as a logged-out visitor and returns the query results that the page embeds. Instagram only embeds them when the request looks like a page navigation, so the request sends the `Sec-Fetch-*` headers of one. - `Profile.from_username()` reads the profile from its public page. Anonymously, `_normalize_profile_data()` completes the node. - Logged in, `Profile.get_posts()` uses query `28975909992013618` (`PolarisProfilePostsTabContentQuery_connection`) with the variables that the web app sends. The response has the same shape as before. When logged in, `from_username()` does not normalize the page's node. The page shows the profile to a logged-out visitor, so normalizing would set `followed_by_viewer` to `False`, and `download_profiles()` would refuse private profiles that the session follows. Instead, the GraphQL profile query in `_obtain_metadata()` fills in the missing fields when they are first read.	2026-10-12 21:39:03 +02:00
Alexander Graf	c7d3e8dc0e	Merge branch 'master' into upcoming/v4.16	2026-10-11 21:07:50 +02:00
Alexander Graf	91e30cf33b	Support Python 3.15	2026-10-11 20:01:02 +02:00
Alexander Graf	da65e697a0	Update dependencies	2026-10-10 20:53:07 +02:00
dependabot[bot]anddependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	132e2fa668	Bump actions/stale from 10 to 11 (#2751 ) Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-10-10 20:26:16 +02:00
dependabot[bot]anddependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	e3aef9dc2b	Bump pyinstaller from 6.16.0 to 6.22.3 (#2755 ) Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-10-10 20:13:48 +02:00
dependabot[bot]anddependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	dd90abdb91	Bump pygments from 2.19.2 to 2.20.0 (#2758 ) Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-10-10 20:06:46 +02:00
dependabot[bot]anddependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2e3c89dfe9	Bump requests from 2.32.5 to 2.34.2 (#2756 ) Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-10-10 19:59:07 +02:00
dependabot[bot]anddependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	c4434125e8	Bump actions/setup-python from 6 to 7 (#2752 ) Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-10-10 19:56:46 +02:00
dependabot[bot]anddependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	75173094d6	Bump mypy from 1.18.2 to 2.4.0 (#2754 ) Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-10-10 19:50:42 +02:00
Alexander Graf	559c7a9adf	Drop Python 3.9 support, update Pipenv version used in CI	2026-10-10 19:45:43 +02:00
Andreas FehlnerandAlexander Graf	1e58dddb1f	chore: add monthly Dependabot and harden checkout (#2713 ) ## What this changes This PR adds Dependabot configuration and hardens GitHub Actions checkout behavior. ## Dependabot - adds .github/dependabot.yml - enables grouped dependency updates - schedules updates monthly - configures a 7-day cooldown to avoid rapid follow-up bumps - includes GitHub Actions updates Configured update scopes: - pip in / - github-actions in / ## GitHub Actions hardening Sets persist-credentials: false for ctions/checkout@v4 in: - .github/workflows/windows_exe.yml - .github/workflows/packages.yml - .github/workflows/lint.yml - .github/workflows/documentation.yml ## Why - grouped updates reduce PR noise - monthly cadence is lower maintenance - cooldown helps avoid update churn - disabling persisted checkout credentials follows least-privilege CI practices --------- Co-authored-by: Alexander Graf <17130992+aandergr@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-10-10 19:29:14 +02:00
Alexander Graf	af898e2c31	Reference new integration tests and remove deprecated instaloader_unittests	2026-10-10 19:09:30 +02:00
Alexander Graf	8f680ae52d	Add __repr__ to Instaloader and InstaloaderContext	2026-10-10 18:39:15 +02:00
agustux	7efc78de12	docs/codesnippets: Fix Firefox 147+ Linux cookie path (#2727 )	2026-09-06 20:20:51 +02:00
Alexander Graf	0c143b6121	Merge branch 'master' into upcoming/v4.16	2026-07-26 11:19:13 +02:00
Alexander Graf	543469296e	Release of version 4.15.3	2026-07-26 11:01:52 +02:00
Elias	6dd77e7b56	Fix Post metadata fetching (#2706 ) Use doc_id 27128499623469141 (PolarisPostRootQuery / xdt_api__v1__media__shortcode__web_info) which returns v1/iPhone API format. Converts the new format to the legacy GraphQL field names that the rest of the codebase expects.	2026-07-26 10:47:46 +02:00
Markus Magnuson	a4adeb0835	Fix profile resolution (#2701 ) Fix Profile.from_id(), Profile.from_username() and Profile._obtain_metadata() by using `users/web_profile_info/` and `users/{profile_id}/info` queries.	2026-07-26 10:18:00 +02:00
Joseph May	ad03b392db	Fix caption mentions being missed after a newline _mention_regex required the character before '@' to be a non-word character other than '\n', so a mention at the start of a new line was never matched. The '\n' exclusion was introduced in `8784ac7` when the prefix went from '\W' to '[^\w\n]'; restoring '\W' matches mentions after a newline while still keeping email addresses out of the results, since the character before '@' in an address is a word character. Also affects Profile.biography_mentions and StoryItem.caption_mentions, which share the same regex. Fixes #2709	2026-07-13 20:48:06 +02:00
André Koch-Kramer	297a88f252	Release of version 4.15.2	2026-07-05 21:16:53 +02:00
Mike Holzinger	db2ae98928	Guard against null data in Post._obtain_metadata (#2705 ) When Instagram returns {"data": null} for a shortcode metadata query (e.g. under rate limiting, or for an unavailable post), response["data"]["xdt_shortcode_media"] raised a raw TypeError before the existing `if pic_json is None` check could run. Guard the intermediate "data" so the clean BadResponseException is raised instead, which the download loop already handles.	2026-07-05 21:04:29 +02:00
npiriou	b79a0a1e8b	Fix profile metadata GraphQL query flags (#2696 )	2026-07-05 20:49:03 +02:00
Alexander Graf	d3cd639789	Remove unneeded symlink	2026-04-15 21:21:12 +02:00
Alexander Graf	618c23144e	Welcome SocialAPIs as sponsor	2026-04-15 21:17:02 +02:00
Alexander Graf	66165a9d5d	Improve typing on import_session()	2026-04-11 12:26:09 +02:00
Alexander Graf	b806153ab6	Merge branch 'master' into upcoming/v4.16	2026-03-21 22:07:52 +01:00
Alexander Graf	27e42f661e	Release of version 4.15.1	2026-03-21 22:01:12 +01:00
Xyfer	78bbd697cd	Fix obtaining Profiles (when logged in) by migrating to new GraphQL endpoints (#2652 ) Use doc_id 26347858941511777 (search query) in from_username() to get user_id Use doc_id 25980296051578533 (PolarisProfilePageContentQuery) in _obtain_metadata() Add _normalize_profile_data() to map new API fields to legacy format	2026-03-21 22:00:18 +01:00
Luis Fernando Illapa	247bddcc9f	Add progress counter to "Retrieving highlights" log line (#2634 ) Introduce progress output for highlight retrieval, displaying a counter of the current highlight index relative to the total number of highlights. This mirrors the existing per-item download counter and provides consistent, useful feedback when downloading multiple highlights. It uses the same dynamic-width format as other Instaloader progress indicators. To support this feature, the Iterator returned by get_highlights(user) is materialized into a list so the total number of highlights can be determined upfront. This does not alter functional behavior, since all highlights were already iterated over, and preserves ordering while enabling fixed-width formatted progress output.	2026-01-18 17:08:58 +01:00
Grant Nestor	e4524e119a	Save resume information on exception (#2600 )	2026-01-18 16:46:03 +01:00
Alexander Graf	520b69d6ef	Release of version 4.15	2025-11-08 22:27:37 +01:00
Alexander Graf	25c4daa861	Merge branch 'upcoming/v4.15'	2025-11-08 22:19:37 +01:00
Alexander Graf	7d256c36c1	Avoid using deprecated Hashtag.get_posts in codesnippets	2025-11-08 22:14:36 +01:00
Samuele MazziandAlexander Graf	64908788d3	Fix anonymous fetch of profile posts (#2533 ) Co-authored-by: Alexander Graf <17130992+aandergr@users.noreply.github.com>	2025-11-08 22:07:58 +01:00
DenysandAlexander Graf	b7ef306374	Abort download on {feedback,checkpoint,challenge}_required (#2612 ) Handle Instagram feedback_required/checkpoint_required/challenge_required responses with a AbortDownloadException, causing the resumable iteration to be interrupted. Co-authored-by: Alexander Graf <17130992+aandergr@users.noreply.github.com>	2025-11-08 18:10:47 +01:00
Alexander Graf	813621026c	Update default user agent	2025-11-08 17:36:41 +01:00
Alexander Graf	44bd4d173b	Update dependency versions used in CI	2025-11-08 17:33:16 +01:00
Naitri Doshi	2393a1a7a4	Add Post.video_play_count property (#2595 )	2025-10-23 11:02:21 +00:00
Alexander Graf	5304e9794b	First Alpha Release for Version 4.15	2025-07-18 08:06:07 +02:00
Alexander Graf	ee3106814e	Update default user agent	2025-07-18 08:05:11 +02:00
Alexander Graf	4c6d6e50af	Update dependency versions used in CI	2025-07-18 08:05:11 +02:00
Alexander Graf	af287c3fdd	Merge branch 'master' into upcoming/v4.15	2025-07-18 07:51:08 +02:00
Alexander Graf	0bc9ab55dd	Release of version 4.14.2	2025-07-18 07:47:19 +02:00
Ivan Semkin	e64394fd25	Add `possibly_pinned` to download reels loop (#2539 ) Add `possibly_pinned` to reels loop.	2025-07-04 07:45:07 +02:00
Alexander Graf	43cc15d1b3	Update paragraph explaining `--load-cookies` and `--cookiefile`	2025-01-29 08:09:38 +01:00
Alexander Graf	a263ec85a6	Update default user agent	2025-01-29 07:52:35 +01:00
Alexander Graf	487d2c366d	Update dependency versions used in CI Changes to browser_cookie3: https://github.com/borisbabic/browser_cookie3/compare/0.19.1...0.20.1	2025-01-29 07:50:01 +01:00
master131	e493fa9c2d	Update headers for iOS (#2472 )	2025-01-24 08:23:49 +01:00
Alexander Graf	2e482b063a	Release of version 4.14.1	2025-01-24 08:19:13 +01:00
Alexander Graf	0bc91b722e	Fix download hashtags Closes #2144.	2025-01-24 08:17:53 +01:00
tinyboxvk	4264d40f19	Fix typos (#2474 ) Signed-off-by: tinyboxvk <13696594+tinyboxvk@users.noreply.github.com>	2025-01-15 08:29:32 +01:00
André Koch-Kramer	b15a595083	Update .SRCINFO template for arch package	2024-11-21 08:41:30 +01:00
Alexander Graf	71ae32c85e	Update PyPI and Arch packaging process	2024-11-21 08:26:05 +01:00
David Hotham	f5134ff95e	Publish wheels (#2430 )	2024-11-21 07:58:27 +01:00
Alexander Graf	347f01b7fc	Release of version 4.14	2024-11-07 08:21:03 +01:00